2021-11-17-科尔尼-Time_to_develop_an_energy_master_plan_for_Southeast_Europe_13页_2mb

Energy Master Plan for Southeast Europe

Overview

Southeast Europe (SEE) faces significant energy security and efficiency challenges, including heavy reliance on energy imports, outdated infrastructure, and inefficiency. Countries can enhance energy stability by focusing on collaboration and strategic priorities, contributing to improved economic and social development. Developing a joint SEE energy master plan is critical for achieving energy independence and reliability.

Key Challenges

• High energy import dependency (30-50% of energy supply).
• Inefficient energy mix, with excessive reliance on coal and underutilized renewable and natural gas resources.
• Significant losses in electricity transmission and distribution (up to 17.9% in some countries).
• Low energy efficiency, with SEE countries requiring more energy per unit of GDP compared to non-SEE EU nations.
• Delays in implementing EU directives, such as the Third Energy Package, and slow private investment in renewables.
• Inadequate infrastructure for natural gas and electricity, including aging refineries and transmission systems.

Strategic Priorities

Based on the analysis of pressing energy issues, the following priorities are essential:

• Gain commitment from each country for joint energy infrastructure projects.
• Complete existing and develop new projects focused on cross-border energy cooperation and renewables.
• Develop strategies to attract private investment in renewable energy, with simplified authorization processes.
• Focus on operational efficiency in refining and align energy legislation with EU directives.
• Reduce electricity losses through smart metering and advanced distribution systems.
• Educate consumers on energy efficiency and implement certification schemes.
• Incorporate the remaining elements of the Third Energy Package into national legislation.

Recommendations

• Prioritize infrastructure development in natural gas and electricity to ensure a reliable and sustainable supply.
• Increase regional integration, such as sharing refinery capacity or investing in joint thermal power plants and gas pipelines.
• Promote cross-border renewable energy collaboration, including joint investments in hydro power plants.
• Unbundle energy markets and implement smart grid technologies to improve efficiency and reduce emissions.
• Pursue alternative energy routes, like diversifying natural gas sources, to reduce dependency on imports.

Conclusion

Collaborative action and focused strategies are imperative for Southeast Europe to achieve energy independence, improve efficiency, and support sustainable development. Developing a joint energy master plan is a critical step.