2025年全球能源评价（英）_42页_1mb

Key Findings

• Global energy demand rose by 2.2% in 2024, with electricity demand growing at 4.3%, driven by higher cooling needs, industrial activity, electrification, and data centers. Demand was fastest in emerging economies, led by China and India.

• Renewables and nuclear supplied over 40% of electricity generation growth, with solar PV capacity additions reaching record levels, totaling 700 GW globally. Natural gas demand also increased, while oil and coal growth slowed.

• Energy-related CO₂ emissions increased by 0.8% to 37.8 Gt, influenced by high temperatures (e.g., heatwaves in China and India) and clean energy adoption. Clean technologies like solar PV, wind, electric vehicles, and heat pumps mitigated emissions growth by avoiding 2.6 billion tonnes annually.

• Asia drove most demand growth, with China as the largest energy consumer; the U.S. and EU saw moderate emissions declines due to clean energy transitions. Weather effects accounted for about 80% of the emissions increase in 2024 compared to 2023.

Energy Demand

• Electricity demand surged 4.3%, nearly doubling pre-pandemic growth rates. China accounted for half the global increase, while advanced economies rebounded after several years of decline.

• Oil demand growth slowed to 0.8%, below pre-pandemic rates, driven by EV adoption and reduced mobility post-Covid. Gas demand rebounded to 2.7% growth, with strong gains in Asia. Coal demand increased slightly but slowed from 2023, with Developing Asia as the primary driver.

Technologies

• Electric vehicles sales grew 25% to over 17 million units, with China leading the market. Heat pump sales recovered slightly after a decline, with China and the U.S. as top markets.

CO Emissions

• Global CO₂ emissions hit a record 37.8 Gt due to high temperatures, but growth slowed compared to 2023. Clean energy deployments prevented about 2.6 Gt of annual emissions, equivalent to 7% of total energy-related emissions. Weather impacted emissions disproportionately in emerging economies like India and China.