2024-03-16-世界卫生组织-Meningitis_Weekly_bulletin_11_to_17_March_2024_19页_1mb

报告摘要

Meningitis Weekly Bulletin Summary for Week 11, 2024

Key Metrics
- Suspected Cases: Nigeria and Niger reported the highest numbers (1,180 and 389 cases, respectively).
- Case Fatality Rate (CFR): Highest in Cameroon (25.0%) and Central African Republic (25.0%).
- Alert Thresholds: 12 countries exceeded alert levels, with Niger, Nigeria, and Central African Republic widely affected.
Trend Notes:
- Multiple districts in Niger and Nigeria crossed epidemic or alert thresholds.
- The DRC and Kenya reported notable increases in localized outbreaks.

Cumulative Cases & Deaths:
- Total Suspected Cases: 6,947, with 442 deaths (CFR 6.4%) across 24 countries.
- Nigeria: Highest cumulative cases (1,270) and deaths (149), leading a reactive vaccination campaign.
Vaccination Updates:
- Nigeria initiated MenAfriVac (Men5CV) vaccination in Jigawa, followed by neighboring states like Yobe. Over 1 million individuals aged 1–29 were vaccinated.
- Recommendations to sustain routine immunization and preposition vaccines in high-risk zones.

Pathogens Identified:
- Neisseria meningitidis Serogroups: NmC (48.3%), Spn (25.6%), and NmW (16.5%) were the most common.
- Other Pathogens: Hi non-b (3.8%), Hib (2.0%), and others contributed to ~6% of positives.
Laboratory Recommendations:
- Encourage lumbar puncture and improve sample transport systems to enhance pathogen identification.
- Increase RT-PCR capabilities in regional/national labs (by 2024–25).

Integrated Surveillance: Liaise with AFRO IDSR strategy partners.
Epidemic Preparedness: Submit ICG requests within a week of alert threshold crossing.
Lumbar Puncture & Sample Transport: Double specialist training to improve case detection.
Genomic Surveillance: Include AMR monitoring and serogroup tracking for vaccines (Men5CV/MACV).
Collaboration: Strengthen links between surveillance and labs, with genomic data shared via WHO.