2015-03-28-世界卫生组织-Meningitis_weekly_bulletin_23_-_29_March_2015_12页_1mb

Meningitis Weekly Bulletin Summary - Week 13, 2015

Epidemiological Data for Week 13

During week 13, five viruses were confirmed or under investigation for meningitis across various countries in West Africa. In Table 1, countries such as Burkina Faso reported high case loads (122 cases) with 13 deaths, leading to a lethality rate of 10.7%. Alerts and epidemics were noted in specific districts: Ghana's Jirapa district had a high attack rate (22.0), Niger's Niamey II reached epidemic thresholds, and Nigeria's Jega remained in epidemic phase with a high attack rate. Total cases for the week were 520, with 50 deaths and a lethality rate of 9.6%. District alert and epidemic completeness varied, with regions like Guinea awaiting detailed information.

Cumulative Data (Weeks 01-13)

From week 1 to 13, significant cumulative data was reported. A total of 6,531 suspected meningitis cases were documented, including 545 deaths (case fatality rate of 8.3%). Countries like Burkina Faso had 1,113 cases with a low lethality of 10.3%, while Nigeria had 310 cases up to week 12. Higher lethality rates in countries such as Guinea (10.1%) and South Sudan (26.7%) were observed, though some restrictions applied due to geography.

Laboratory Findings

Laboratory data from weeks 1-13 showed that Streptococcus pneumoniae was the predominant pathogen identified across countries, accounting for 147 cases. A total of 1,016 CSF samples were collected (15.6% of suspected cases), with pathogen testing revealing other common meningitis-causing strains such as Neisseria meningitidis C and Haemophilus influenzae type b, primarily in countries like Nigeria and Niger.

Key Observations

The bulletin highlighted ongoing epidemic activity in multiple regions, with alerts and epidemics concentrated in districts identified in comments. Lethality rates remained variable, but laboratory results emphasize the dominance of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Completeness issues noted for some countries like the Central African Republic impacted overall data accuracy. The Inter country Support Team continues monitoring and support efforts.