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A Path to Prosperity: Renewable Energy for Islands - Summary

Core Content

A Path to Prosperity: Renewable Energy for Islands is a publication by the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) that compiles case studies and tools to support the transition of Small Island Developing States (SIDS) to renewable energy. The second edition was prepared for the Island Energy Transitions conference in Fort-de-France, Martinique, in June 2015. It highlights successful renewable energy projects, key insights, and tools to assist SIDS in achieving sustainable energy systems.

Main Objectives

The publication supports the SIDS Lighthouses Initiative, which aims to:

• Develop and implement a structured approach to island power sector transitions to high shares of renewable energy through guidelines, tools, and support mechanisms.
• Accelerate renewable energy transitions by identifying needs and gaps and learning from other islands.
• Strengthen the knowledge base and institutional capacity for rapid and profound energy transitions.
• Facilitate the development of enabling frameworks for investment.
• Identify funding opportunities and match project developers with funding organizations.

Key Projects

Cabeolica Wind Project, Cabo Verde

• Location: Boa Vista, Sao Vicente, Sal, and Santiago islands.
• Date: 2006–2011.
• Scale: 25.5 MW from 30 turbines.
• Budget: USD 78 million.
• Funding: Public-private partnership.
• Impact:
  • Generates 25% of Cabo Verde's energy.
  • Reduced oil imports by up to 20,000 tonnes.
  • Connected 50,000 additional citizens to the grid.
  • Power generation costs decreased by 20%.

Sustainable Energy Services for Isolated Communities (SESAM-ER), Cabo Verde

• Location: Monte Trigo, Santo Antão.
• Date: 2008–2012.
• Scale: 290 solar panels (210 of 130 Wp, 80 of 150 Wp).
• Budget: USD 498,115.
• Funding: 75% from the EU, 25% from the Municipality of Porto Novo.
• Impact:
  • Supplies 39.3 kWp to 75 homes and institutions.
  • Reduced operating costs from USD 20,095 to USD 5,347.
  • Saved 26,787 litres of fuel and avoided 80 tons of CO₂ emissions between 2012 and 2015.
  • Monte Trigo became a 100% green village.

Decentralised Rural Electrification in Southern Madagascar (Resouth)

• Location: Ambondro and Analapatsy.
• Date: 2008–2012.
• Scale:
  • Ambondro: 2 wind turbines (12 kW total).
  • Analapatsy: 78 solar PV systems (5 kW total).
• Budget: USD 470,000.
• Funding: Multilateral (EU), public (ADEME, French Ministry of Ecology), and private (Electricité de France, Total).
• Impact:
  • Provided electricity to 200 end-users and over 1,200 people.
  • Supported 5,000 inhabitants with improved social and economic services.
  • Increased electricity access and reduced reliance on diesel and biomass.

Agrinergie 5, Réunion

• Location: Saint-Joseph, Réunion.
• Date: 2009–2011 (in operation since).
• Scale: 1.4 MWp of solar PV capacity.
• Budget: USD 8 million.
• Funding: Private.
• Impact:
  • Supplies clean energy to over 1,000 people.
  • Supports the local grid.
  • Created 40 jobs during construction.
  • Demonstrates successful integration of solar energy in agriculture without competing for land use.

OTEC in French Overseas Territories, Réunion

• Location: St-Pierre, Réunion.
• Date: 2010–2011.
• Scale: Prototype OTEC plant with exchangers 1/100th the size of a full-scale plant.
• Budget: USD 8 million over five years.
• Funding: Public and private investments.
• Impact:
  • Supports R&D for future OTEC power plants.
  • Encourages local companies to develop skills in OTEC technology.
  • Akuo Energy and DCNS are implementing the first full-scale offshore OTEC plant in Martinique.

Key Tools and Insights

• Lighthouses Initiative Quickscans: Assess the readiness of SIDS for renewable energy deployment.
• Renewables Readiness Assessments: Help identify gaps and opportunities for renewable energy transitions.
• Island Roadmaps: Guide SIDS in developing long-term energy strategies.
• Project Navigator: Facilitates project development and implementation.
• Grid Integration Assessments: Enable the smart integration of renewable energy into existing systems.

Project Insights

• Renewable energy projects in SIDS can be replicated in other regions, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa.
• Decentralised solutions are vital for remote and isolated communities.
• Expanding project scale and improving local institutional capacity can enhance efficiency and reduce costs.
• The development of regulatory frameworks and financial incentives is crucial for the adoption of renewable energy technologies.
• The integration of solar energy in agriculture is a viable model for sustainable development.

Conclusion

A Path to Prosperity: Renewable Energy for Islands serves as a valuable resource for SIDS and development partners seeking to transition to renewable energy. It presents real-world examples of successful projects and outlines the tools necessary to support this transition. The initiative has gained momentum with growing participation from governments, international organizations, and private sector entities. The publication underscores the importance of policy, finance, and technological innovation in achieving sustainable energy systems for islands.