2015-05-30-世界卫生组织-Meningitis_weekly_bulletin_25_-_31_May_2015_12页_1mb

报告摘要

Region: West Africa; Meningococcal Epidemic Surveillance Network

Active Cases: 226 suspected meningitis cases reported, with 20 deaths (case fatality rate: ~8.8%).
Affected Countries: Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Guinea, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Sudan, Chad, Togo.
Vaccination Status: Burkina Faso, Mali, Niger, Sudan, Chad, Togo are fully vaccinated (marked T) with MenAfriVac. Benin, Cameroon, Mauritania are partially vaccinated (marked P).
Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC): No applicable epidemic thresholds due to territory primarily outside the African meningitis belt (~142 cases; 12 deaths).
Alert/Epidemic Districts: No districts in Alert or Epidemic phase reported in countries that notified cases this week.
Completeness: Varies significantly by country (e.g., 11.3%, 17.6%, 63.1%).

Total Cases: 17,462 suspected meningitis cases reported over 22 weeks.
Total Deaths: 1,296 deaths (case fatality rate: ~7.4%).
Lethality & Alert/Epidemic: High lethality in Centrafrique (14.5%), Guinea (8.2%), Chad (17.8%). Active alerts/epidemics reported in Nigeria, Niger, Sudan, Chad (district percentages indicate weeks having alerts/epidemics).
Completeness: Average ~63.1% of weeks reported for the period.

CSF Samples: 3,121 CSF samples collected from 17,462 suspected cases (approx. 17.9%).
Pathogens Identified (among tested samples):
- Neisseria meningitidis: Dominant, Serogroup W135 highly prevalent.
- Serogroups: NmA (Benin, Burkina Faso, Niger, Togo), NmX (many), NmC (many), NmB (many).
- Hib, S. pneumoniae, other pathogens also detected.
Detection Limitations: No specific data on the Tougan (Burkina Faso) case.

WHO monitors meningitis cases in the West Africa region, primarily Neisseria meningitidis serogroups prevalent in the meningitis belt.
Data presented are provisional, derived from notifications, and subject to change upon finalization.
Laboratory confirmation using methods like PCR and culture is part of surveillance efforts.

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