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NEPAD and the Next Phase in African Development

Core Content

This document is a summary of a speech by Dr. Ibrahim Mayaki, the Chief Executive Officer of the New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD), delivered at an event hosted by the Africa Research Institute on 4 April 2012. The speech outlines NEPAD's role in driving African development, its origins, achievements, and future challenges.

Main Points

1. NEPAD as a Catalyst for Change

• NEPAD represents a shift from past narratives of Africa being associated with war, famine, and poor governance.
• It promotes more accountable, democratic governments and fosters socio-economic growth.
• The initiative emphasizes rural development, new investment opportunities, and the transformation of Africa's development landscape.

2. Origins of NEPAD

• NEPAD was born from the Millennium Partnership for the African Recovery Plan (MAP) and the OMEGA Plan, both of which focused on governance and infrastructure.
• It was formally adopted in 2001 at the Lusaka OAU Summit as the New Africa Initiative (NAI), later renamed NEPAD.
• The initiative was rooted in the belief that regional integration is key to achieving structural and economic change in Africa.

3. Impact of NEPAD Over the Last Decade

• NEPAD has led to renewed optimism and significant progress in political and socio-economic governance.
• It has contributed to the reduction of conflicts and the establishment of the African Peace and Security Architecture (APSA).
• The continent has seen positive economic growth, particularly among non-oil exporting countries, but challenges in poverty reduction and inclusive growth remain.

4. Governance and Accountability

• Democracy and good governance have gained stronger footing in Africa, with 17 countries holding elections in 2011.
• The African Peer Review Mechanism (APRM) is a key tool for internal accountability and has been recognized globally as a model of African ownership.
• The APRM provides transparent and independent reviews, involving civil society and opposition parties, but its recommendations need stronger implementation.

5. NEPAD's Current Status

• NEPAD was formally integrated into the African Union in 2010, becoming the continent's socio-economic blueprint.
• The transformation of the NEPAD Secretariat into an Agency has increased its focus on implementation and technical delivery.
• Civil society and the private sector are increasingly recognized as key partners in NEPAD's success.

Key Challenges and Opportunities

Challenges:

• Job creation is a major concern, especially for the youth.
• Sustainability of good governance needs to be ensured.
• Intra-regional trade remains low at 11% of total African trade.
• Corruption, resource governance, and climate change are persistent issues.
• Infrastructure gaps, logistics, and corruption hinder regional integration.

Opportunities:

• Demographic potential: 1.1 billion Africans will be of working age by 2040.
• Discretionary income: 128 million African households will have it by 2020.
• Urbanization: 50% of Africans will live in cities by 2030.
• Intra-African investment: PIDA is working to improve infrastructure and logistics.
• Genuine partnership: NEPAD offers an opportunity for developed countries to collaborate with Africa on shared goals.

Conclusion

• NEPAD has been a positive force in Africa's development, despite challenges.
• The next phase of NEPAD should focus on implementation of agreed policies and inclusive growth.
• The success of NEPAD depends on African ownership and civil society engagement.
• The African Peace and Security Architecture (APSA) has played a vital role in stabilizing the continent.
• NEPAD remains a symbol of African self-reliance and offers a vision for the continent's renewal.

Questions and Answers Summary

• CAADP Challenges: Small-scale farming support and private sector engagement are key, with the need to integrate climate change into agricultural policies.
• Intra-African Trade: Despite low trade levels, PIDA is addressing infrastructure gaps, and there is hope for regional integration.
• Security and Development: NEPAD includes security, which is now managed by the AU, PSC, and APSA.
• APRM Progress: It has improved governance awareness but needs better policy formulation.
• Civil Society and Governance: Freedoms and civil society participation have increased, but resource governance remains a challenge.
• NEPAD and Generational Shift: NEPAD supports African-led development, while acknowledging the role of external investors like China.

About the Speaker

• Dr. Ibrahim Mayaki has been the CEO of NEPAD since 2009.
• He has a long career in academia and politics, including serving as Prime Minister of Niger and Minister of Foreign Affairs.
• He is a Professor of Public Administration and has contributed significantly to African integration and governance.