2016年-世界发展银行全球_Doing_Business_Economy_Profile_2017___Myanmar_104页_1mb

Doing Business 2017: Myanmar Summary

Core Content

Doing Business 2017 is a World Bank Group flagship report that evaluates the ease of doing business across 190 economies. It measures and tracks regulatory reforms in 11 areas of the business life cycle, including starting a business, dealing with construction permits, getting electricity, registering property, getting credit, protecting minority investors, paying taxes, trading across borders, enforcing contracts, resolving insolvency, and labor market regulation. The report provides data and analysis to support policy makers in understanding the regulatory environment and identifying effective reforms.

For Myanmar, the report presents the Doing Business indicators for 2017 and compares them with other economies, including comparator economies and best performers globally.

Main Points

Economy Overview

• Region: East Asia & Pacific
• Income Category: Lower middle income
• Population: 53,897,154
• GNI per capita (US$): 1,293
• DB2017 Rank: 170
• DB2016 Rank: 171
• Change in Rank: +1
• DB2017 DTF Score: 44.56
• DB2016 DTF Score: 44.01
• Change in DTF: +0.55

Methodology and Changes

• The report includes a gender component in four indicators: starting a business, registering property, enforcing contracts, and labor market regulation.
• The paying taxes indicator now includes postfiling processes such as tax refunds, audits, and appeals.
• Somalia is included for the first time, bringing the total number of economies to 190.
• The distance to frontier (DTF) score is used to benchmark economies against regulatory best practices, while the ease of doing business ranking compares them with other economies.

Key Indicators and Performance

Starting a Business

• Rank (DB2017): 146
• DTF Score: 77.10
• Procedures (Men): 11
• Time (Men): 13 days
• Cost (Men): 40.4% of income per capita
• Procedures (Women): 11
• Time (Women): 13 days
• Cost (Women): 40.4% of income per capita

Dealing with Construction Permits

• Rank (DB2017): 66
• DTF Score: 72.23
• Procedures: 14
• Time: 95 days
• Cost (% of warehouse value): 3.0
• Building Quality Control Index: 9.0

Getting Electricity

• Rank (DB2017): 149
• DTF Score: 52.17
• Procedures: 6
• Time: 77 days
• Cost (% of income per capita): 1270.1
• Reliability of Supply and Transparency of Tariff Index: 0.0

Registering Property

• Rank (DB2017): 143
• DTF Score: 49.37
• Procedures: 6
• Time: 85 days
• Cost (% of property value): 5.1
• Quality of Land Administration Index: 4.0

Getting Credit

• Rank (DB2017): 175
• DTF Score: 10.00
• Strength of Legal Rights Index: 2.0
• Depth of Credit Information Index: 0.0
• Credit Registry Coverage (% of adults): 0.0
• Credit Bureau Coverage (% of adults): 0.0

Protecting Minority Investors

• Rank (DB2017): 179
• DTF Score: 28.33
• Strength of Minority Investor Protection Index: 2.8
• Conflict of Interest Regulation Index: 2.0
• Shareholder Governance Index: 3.7

Paying Taxes

• Rank (DB2017): 119
• DTF Score: 64.05
• Payments (per year): 31
• Time (hours per year): 282
• Total Tax Rate (% of profit): 31.3%
• Postfiling Index: 46.1

Trading Across Borders

• Rank (DB2017): 159
• DTF Score: 47.40
• Time to Export (Border Compliance): 144 hours
• Cost to Export (Border Compliance): $432
• Time to Export (Documentary Compliance): 144 hours
• Cost to Export (Documentary Compliance): $140
• Time to Import (Border Compliance): 232 hours
• Cost to Import (Border Compliance): $457
• Time to Import (Documentary Compliance): 48 hours
• Cost to Import (Documentary Compliance): $210

Enforcing Contracts

• Rank (DB2017): 188
• DTF Score: 24.53
• Time: 1160 days
• Cost (% of claim): 51.5%
• Quality of Judicial Processes Index: 3.0

Resolving Insolvency

• Rank (DB2017): 164
• DTF Score: 20.39
• Recovery Rate (cents on the dollar): 14.7
• Time (years): 5.0
• Cost (% of estate): 18.0
• Strength of Insolvency Framework Index: 4.0

Key Information

• The report includes comparator economies for each indicator to facilitate comparison.
• Data for Myanmar is current as of June 1, 2016, except for paying taxes, which covers January–December 2015.
• Myanmar's DTF scores and ranks have shown improvement in several areas, though it remains among the least favorable in most indicators.
• The gender component has been introduced to reflect the differences in regulatory processes for women.
• The distance to frontier score helps identify the absolute gap between current practices and best practices, while the ease of doing business ranking shows relative improvements.

Conclusion

Myanmar faces significant challenges in its business environment, with high costs, long procedures, and slow processes in most areas evaluated by the Doing Business report. However, it has shown slight improvements in some indicators, such as starting a business and dealing with construction permits. The inclusion of a gender component and postfiling processes in the report provides a more nuanced understanding of the regulatory environment and highlights areas where reforms could benefit both men and women entrepreneurs. The DTF scores and comparisons with comparator economies are crucial tools for policy makers aiming to improve regulatory efficiency and support business growth.