2024-06-22-联合国-2024年全球趋势报告_48页_5mb

Global Forced Displacement Trends in 2023 Summary

Key Findings

• Total Displaced:

  • An estimated 117.3 million people were forcibly displaced globally as of end-2023, a rise of 8.8 million or 8% compared to 2022, continuing a seven-year increase.
  • This represents 1 in 69 people worldwide.

• Cause of Displacement:

  • Conflict and violence were the primary drivers of displacement, accounting for 68.3 million internally displaced people (IDPs) and 31.6 million refugees through UNHCR’s mandate.

• Geographical Distribution:

  • Sudan hosted the largest number of forcibly displaced people, with 9.1 million remaining internally displaced or as refugees.
  • The Democratic Republic of the Congo saw a 326% increase in IDPs, reaching 2.8 million.
  • Regional distribution was highly uneven, with 80% of displaced people hosted by low- and middle-income countries despite possessing only 0.5% of global GDP.

• Population Characteristics:

  • Children made up 40% of the 117.3 million forcibly displaced, higher than their proportion in the global population (20%).
  • 73% of refugees originated from 5 countries, including Afghanistan (6.4M) and Syria (6.4M).

• Solutions and Returns:

  • In 2023, 1.1 million refugees returned to their countries, 39% fewer than the previous year; spontaneous returns rose due to conflict but were often unsafe.
  • 158,700 refugees were resettled (+39% from 2022), primarily in the US (75,100) and Canada (51,100).
  • 30,800 stateless people had their nationality confirmed or acquired, down 44% from 2022.

• Forced Displacement & Climate Change: Both conflict and climate-related events contributed to displacement, with 75% of forcibly displaced people living in countries highly exposed to climate hazards and conflict.

Strategic Priority

The UNHCR’s Global Trends Report highlights that while solutions like returns, resettlement, and citizenship acquisition improved, they remain insufficient for the massive displaced population. Urgent action is needed to address root causes, better data collection, and equitable burden-sharing by host countries. As climate change and conflict intersect, localized solutions and protection measures must incorporate climate resilience to achieve durable outcomes.