2012年-世界发展银行全球_Doing_Business_Economy_Profile_2013___Mali_110页_1mb

Summary of Mali's Business Environment in Doing Business 2013

Core Content

The Doing Business 2013 report provides a comprehensive assessment of the regulatory environment for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Mali, comparing it with other economies and benchmarking its performance against global best practices. The report evaluates 11 key areas of business regulation, including starting a business, dealing with construction permits, getting electricity, registering property, getting credit, protecting investors, paying taxes, trading across borders, enforcing contracts, resolving insolvency, and employing workers.

Key Findings

Ease of Doing Business Ranking

• DB2013 Rank: 151 (out of 185 economies)
• DB2012 Rank: 145 (adjusted for data corrections and new economies added)
• Change in Rank: -6 (Mali moved slightly down in the global ranking)

Global Performance on Key Indicators

• Starting a Business: Mali ranks 118th, with 4 procedures, 8 days, and a cost of 86.2% of income per capita.
• Dealing with Construction Permits: Mali ranks 99th, with 11 procedures, 179 days, and a cost of 418.6% of income per capita.
• Getting Electricity: Mali ranks 115th, with 4 procedures, 120 days, and a cost of 4,187.8% of income per capita.
• Registering Property: Mali ranks 91st, with 5 procedures, 29 days, and a cost of 12.0% of property value.
• Getting Credit: Mali ranks 129th, with a low depth of credit information index (1/6) and limited legal rights index (6/10).
• Protecting Investors: Mali ranks 150th, with low investor protection (3.7/10) and limited director liability (1/10).
• Paying Taxes: Mali ranks 166th, with 45 payments per year, 270 hours, and a cost of 52.0% of the claim.
• Trading Across Borders: Mali ranks 152nd, with 6 documents to export, 26 days, and a cost of $2,202 per container.
• Enforcing Contracts: Mali ranks 133rd, with 36 procedures, 620 days, and a cost of 52.0% of the claim.
• Resolving Insolvency: Mali ranks 120th, with a 3.6-year process and a cost of 18% of the estate.

Comparative Performance

• Mali performs worse than most comparator economies in the region (e.g., Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Ghana) and also lags behind global leaders like New Zealand, Singapore, and Germany in several areas.
• The distance to frontier measure indicates that Mali has made some progress in certain areas but still has a long way to go in others.

Key Trends and Changes Over Time

• The number of procedures required to start a business has decreased from 12 in 2004 to 4 in 2013.
• The time required has remained relatively stable at 8 days since 2010.
• The cost has decreased from 90.5% of income per capita in 2012 to 86.2% in 2013.
• Paid-in minimum capital has also decreased over time, from 348.3% in 2012 to 331.9% in 2013.

Main Viewpoints

• Regulatory Environment: Mali's regulatory environment is generally not conducive to SMEs, with high costs, long procedures, and inefficiencies in key areas.
• Comparative Weakness: Mali is significantly behind global and regional benchmarks in areas like starting a business, getting credit, and resolving insolvency.
• Reforms Implemented: Mali has made some progress in streamlining the business start-up process through one-stop shop initiatives, but the pace of reform has been slow and uneven.
• Data Limitations: The report notes that the Doing Business methodology does not cover all aspects of the business environment, such as infrastructure quality or macroeconomic stability.

Critical Information

• Procedures: Mali requires 4 procedures to start a business, 11 for construction permits, and 5 for property registration.
• Time: Starting a business takes 8 days; dealing with construction permits takes 179 days; getting electricity takes 120 days.
• Cost: Starting a business costs 86.2% of income per capita; dealing with construction permits costs 418.6%; getting electricity costs 4,187.8%.
• Paid-in Minimum Capital: Mali requires 331.9% of income per capita as paid-in minimum capital.
• Investor Protection: Mali has a low investor protection index (3.7/10), indicating weak legal frameworks and limited protections for investors.
• Credit Access: Mali has a low depth of credit information index (1/6), suggesting limited access to credit information systems.
• Legal Rights: The legal rights index is 6/10, indicating moderate strength in legal protections for businesses.

Conclusion

Mali's business environment remains challenging, particularly for SMEs. While some reforms have been implemented to improve the process of starting a business, significant improvements are still needed in areas like credit access, investor protection, and the efficiency of legal and administrative procedures. The report emphasizes that understanding these indicators is essential for identifying areas where regulatory reform can enhance the competitiveness and attractiveness of Mali's economy for businesses and investors.