2012年-世界发展银行全球_Doing_Business_Economy_Profile_2013___Norway_111页_1mb

Norway Economy Profile Summary - Doing Business 2013

Core Content

The Doing Business 2013 report provides a comprehensive analysis of the regulatory environment for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Norway. It evaluates the ease of doing business across 11 key areas, including starting a business, dealing with construction permits, getting electricity, registering property, getting credit, protecting investors, paying taxes, trading across borders, enforcing contracts, resolving insolvency, and employing workers. The report compares Norway with other economies and benchmarks its performance against the best practices globally.

Key Indicators

Main Points

Ease of Doing Business

• Norway ranks 6th among 185 economies in the overall ease of doing business index.
• The ranking in 2013 is 1 position higher than in 2012.
• The ranking is based on a simple average of percentile rankings across 10 topics.

Business Environment Indicators

• Starting a Business: Requires 5 procedures, takes 7 days, costs 1.7% of income per capita, and requires a paid-in minimum capital of 5.4% of income per capita.
• Dealing with Construction Permits: Norway ranks 23rd, requiring 10 procedures, taking 123 days, and costing 30.2% of income per capita.
• Getting Electricity: Norway ranks 14th, requiring 4 procedures, taking 66 days, and costing 6.5% of income per capita.
• Registering Property: Norway ranks 7th, requiring 1 procedure, taking 3 days, and costing 2.5% of property value.
• Getting Credit: Norway ranks 70th, with a Strength of legal rights index of 6 and Depth of credit information index of 4.
• Protecting Investors: Norway ranks 25th, with an Investor protection index of 6.7.
• Paying Taxes: Norway ranks 19th, requiring 4 payments per year, taking 87 hours per year, and costing 1.7% of income per capita.
• Trading Across Borders: Norway ranks 21st, requiring 4 documents for export and 5 for import, taking 7 days to export and 7 days to import, with a cost of $1,125 per container for export and $1,100 per container for import.
• Enforcing Contracts: Norway ranks 4th, taking 280 days and costing 9.9% of the claim.
• Resolving Insolvency: Norway ranks 3rd, taking 0.9 years and costing 1% of the estate.

Changes Over Time

• The number of procedures and time required to start a business has remained consistent since 2004, with only minor fluctuations.
• The paid-in minimum capital requirement decreased significantly from 19.4% in 2012 to 5.4% in 2013, indicating a reform to reduce the financial burden on entrepreneurs.
• The distance to frontier measure is used to assess how far Norway is from the best practices in each indicator, showing both strengths and areas for improvement.

Business Registration Reforms in Norway

• DB2008: Introduced mandatory occupational pension plans, making it more difficult to start a business.
• DB2013: Reduced the minimum capital requirement for private joint stock companies, making it easier to start a business.

Regional and Global Comparisons

• Norway's performance is generally strong compared to other OECD high-income economies.
• It performs better than most comparator economies in the region.
• Globally, Norway is ranked 43rd in the ease of starting a business, behind New Zealand and ahead of several other economies.

Methodology and Limitations

• The Doing Business indicators focus on local limited liability companies in the largest business city.
• The methodology assumes that entrepreneurs have access to all necessary information, do not pay bribes, and that procedures are completed in a standardized manner.
• It does not measure all aspects of the business environment, such as proximity to large markets, infrastructure quality, or institutional strength.

Conclusion

Norway maintains a strong and efficient business environment, ranking 6th globally in the ease of doing business. While it has made some improvements in reducing the minimum capital requirement, the overall regulatory environment is already quite advanced. The report highlights that further reforms could focus on reducing the cost of doing business and streamlining procedures in certain areas to bring it closer to the global frontier.