弹性海岸线和社区的创新融资（英文版）_16页_838kb

The Nature Conservancy: Innovative Finance for Resilient Coasts and Communities

Core Content

This document outlines innovative financial mechanisms to enhance coastal resilience and support community development in the face of climate change and natural disasters. It is a briefing paper prepared by The Nature Conservancy (TNC) and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) for Environment and Climate Change Canada, with support from the Government of Canada. The paper focuses on Small Island Developing States (SIDS) and other vulnerable coastal regions, proposing tools to mobilize private capital, reduce financial risk, and increase resilience.

Main Points

• Coastal zones are vital for economies, livelihoods, and ecosystems, with the ocean economy estimated at USD 3–6 trillion annually.
• Climate change is increasing sea level rise, flooding, storm intensity, and coastal degradation, threatening millions of people and billions of dollars in infrastructure.
• Government funding is insufficient to meet the growing need for coastal resilience, especially in developing countries.
• Innovative finance is essential to address the risk and resilience gap, and the paper explores several financial mechanisms:
  • Insurance for natural capital
  • Regional risk pools
  • Green and blue bonds
  • Resilience bonds
  • Debt restructuring

Key Financial Mechanisms

Main Recommendations

• Scale up nature-based insurance by identifying 10 priority countries and developing self-sustaining markets.
• Expand regional risk pools to cover more SIDS and other vulnerable coastal states.
• Integrate contingency planning into insurance frameworks to ensure funds reach affected communities.
• Develop gender-inclusive insurance products by collecting sex-disaggregated data and addressing legal and policy barriers that limit women's access to insurance.
• Leverage green and blue bonds to finance coastal resilience projects, with a focus on blended finance and performance-based structures.
• Promote resilience bonds and debt restructuring to reduce financial exposure and public budget constraints.

Key Initiatives

• Charlevoix Blueprint: A G7 initiative led by Canada, promoting innovative finance for coastal resilience.
• InsuResilience Global Partnership: A global initiative launched in 2017, with over 40 members, aiming to enhance financial resilience in developing countries.
• Insurance Development Forum (IDF): A public-private partnership focused on climate and disaster risk insurance, working with over 200 experts in four key areas: global resilience, protection gap, insurance for development, and innovation.
• Caribbean Catastrophe Risk Insurance Facility (CCRIF): A regional risk pool that provides parametric insurance for natural disasters, with 36 payouts totaling USD 130.5m since 2007.
• Pacific Catastrophe Risk Assessment and Finance Initiative (PCRAFI): Supports SIDS with disaster risk assessment tools and a risk insurance company.
• African Risk Capacity (ARC): Helps member states improve disaster preparedness and response, with a focus on contingency planning and gender-inclusive outcomes.

Conclusion

The paper highlights the importance of innovative finance in building coastal resilience, especially in SIDS and developing countries. It emphasizes the need for collaboration between public and private sectors, technical and financial innovation, and gender-sensitive approaches to ensure equitable and effective risk management and community protection. The Charlevoix Blueprint and global partnerships such as InsuResilience and IDF are seen as key platforms for scaling these initiatives and enhancing resilience against climate change and natural disasters.