战略与国际研究中心-US-Military-Forces-in-FY-2020--Navy_20页_1mb

US Department of Defense Fiscal Year 2020 Budget Request Summary

Core Content

The Fiscal Year 2020 (FY20) Budget Request outlines the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) strategy to ensure a competitive military advantage in an era of great power competition with China and Russia. It reflects a shift from previous focus areas to a more strategic, modernized, and ready force that can deter, compete, and win in high-end conflicts.

The budget is designed to support the 2018 National Defense Strategy, which emphasizes strengthening U.S. military dominance, enhancing alliances, and modernizing capabilities across all warfighting domains. The DoD also seeks to improve readiness, invest in emerging technologies, and reform financial and operational processes to increase performance and affordability.

Main Objectives

• Compete, Deter, and Win: Strengthen the U.S. military to maintain dominance and counter growing threats from China and Russia.
• Modernization: Invest in new technologies and capabilities to ensure readiness across all domains.
• Readiness Gains: Sustain and enhance military readiness through improved training, infrastructure, and operational support.
• Reform: Implement organizational and financial reforms to improve efficiency, affordability, and performance.

Key Budget Priorities

1. Enhancing Readiness

• Total Readiness Funding: $124.8 Billion
  • Army: $1.7B for critical training and infrastructure improvements
  • Navy: $2.1B increase to maintain and operate a growing, more lethal force
  • Air Force: $1.2B increase in core readiness programs (e.g., depot maintenance, logistics support, flying hours)
• Tactical Aviation Enterprise: $41.2 Billion
• Training Capabilities: $1.5 Billion for live ranges
• Cyber Training: $2.6 Billion for offensive/defensive cyber domain training

2. Modernization in Key Warfighting Domains

• Air Domain: $57.7 Billion
  • Focus on 5th Generation aircraft, extended range missiles, and 4th Generation aircraft capacity
• Maritime Domain: $34.7 Billion
  • Increase strike options with unmanned systems
  • Grow the Battle Force fleet
• Land Domain: $14.6 Billion
  • Next-gen combat and tactical vehicles, Future Vertical Lift, and Close Combat Lethality
• Multi-Domain Operations: $31.0 Billion
  • Includes programs like Ground-Based Strategic Deterrent, B-21 Bomber, Long-Range Stand-Off Weapon, Columbia class submarine, and missile warning systems

3. Investment in Emerging Domains

• Space Domain: $14.1 Billion
  • Supports the new U.S. Space Force
  • Enhances satellite communications, space-based warning, and space launch capacity
• Cyber Domain: $9.6 Billion
  • Focus on offensive and defensive cyberspace operations
  • Resilient DoD networks and a modern multi-cloud environment

4. Innovation and Technology Development

• Unmanned / Autonomous Systems: $3.7 Billion
• Artificial Intelligence / Machine Learning (AI/ML): $927 Million
• Hypersonics: $2.6 Billion
• Directed Energy: $235 Million
  • Includes base defense, laser testing, and R&D for scalable applications

Military End Strength

• Active Components (AC): Projected to increase by 39,500 by FY2024
• FY2020 AC End Strength:
  • Army: 480,000
  • Navy: 340,500
  • Marine Corps: 186,200
  • Air Force: 332,800
• Reserve Components (RC): Projected to increase by 5,607 by FY2024
• Total AC + RC End Strength: 2,140,300 in FY2020, projected to reach 2,172,100 by FY2024

Major Investments in FY2020 Budget (Base + OCO)

Budget Overview

• Total DoD Budget Request: $718 Billion
  • Base Budget: $545 Billion
  • Overseas Contingency Operations (OCO): $66 Billion
  • Emergency Budget Request: $9 Billion
• Total Budget (DoD + Other Agencies): $750 Billion
• Growth: 4.9% increase over FY2019 Enacted, with 2.8% real growth
• Compliance: Budget request complies with the Budget Control Act (BCA)

Reform and Affordability

• FY2020 Savings: $7.7 Billion
  • Through enterprise-wide reforms in contract management, IT, healthcare, personnel, acquisitions, and financial operations
• Reforms Include:
  • Modernizing the Military Health System
  • Improving cyber security, inventory, and data analytics
  • Conducting the first-ever DoD financial statement audit

Compensation and Support

• Military Pay Raise: 3.1% (largest in 10 years)
• Family Support Initiatives: Nearly $8 Billion
  • Includes spousal/community support, child care for over 180K children, and youth programs serving over 1 million dependents
  • DoD Dependent Schools: Educating over 76K students
  • Commissary Operations: 236 stores

Facilities Investment

• Supports the National Defense Strategy by investing in key operational and training facilities
• Enables timely maintenance of critical infrastructure
• Improves quality of life for service members and their families
• Includes funding for hurricane-related repairs at Camp Lejeune and Tyndall Air Force Base

Overseas Contingency Operations (OCO) and Emergency Funding

• Total OCO/EMERGENCY Request: $173.8 Billion
  • Direct War Requirements: $25.4 Billion
  • OCO for Enduring Requirements: $41.3 Billion
  • OCO for Base Requirements: $66.7 Billion
  • Emergency Requirements: $25.4 Billion (includes reconstruction efforts)

Conclusion

The FY2020 budget request reflects a strategic shift toward great power competition, emphasizing modernization, readiness, and reform. It aims to build a more lethal and agile joint force, expand capabilities in emerging domains, and ensure affordability and performance through systemic improvements. The budget also addresses military compensation, family support, and facilities investment, all aligned with the broader goals of national security and global leadership.