2004年-世界发展银行全球_Private_Infrastructure___Activity_Down_by_30_Percent_in_2002_4页_168kb

Private Sector Participation in Infrastructure: 2002 Summary

Core Content

The Private Participation in Infrastructure (PPI) Project Database, maintained by the World Bank, tracks infrastructure projects involving private companies in energy, telecommunications, transport, and water and sewerage sectors. This summary provides an overview of developments in 2002, highlighting investment trends, sector-specific performance, and regional and income group variations.

Main Points

• Overall Investment Decline: In 2002, total investment in private infrastructure projects in developing countries amounted to US$47.3 billion, a 30% drop from 2001 and returning to 1994 levels.
• Financial Closure: 128 projects reached financial closure in 2002, with the total investment committed to these and previous years being 24% less than the 1990–2002 average, but still significantly higher than at the start of the decade.
• Sector Trends:
  • Energy: The only sector with growth in 2002, driven by natural gas transport projects. Investment reached US$9.7 billion, the highest since 1990–2002.
  • Telecommunications: Investment dropped to US$23.7 billion, the lowest since 1995, with 11 projects reaching closure, mostly small mobile operators.
  • Transport: Investment fell to US$5.2 billion, the third lowest in the period, with most going to toll roads in Chile, Uruguay, and Jamaica and port terminals in China, Indonesia, and Oman.
  • Water and Sewerage: Investment commitments declined to US$1.9 billion, with China accounting for most of the activity in this sector.
• Regional Trends:
  • Latin America and East Asia: Experiencing the biggest declines, with investment levels returning to 1992 levels.
  • Europe and Central Asia and South Asia: Saw growth in private activity, with Europe and Central Asia focusing on natural gas and electricity privatization, and South Asia on mobile network expansion in India.
• Income Group Trends:
  • Low-income countries: Investment rose to US$10.2 billion, the highest level since 1990–2002.
  • Middle-income countries: Investment fell significantly, with upper-middle-income countries at US$24 billion (lowest since 1994) and lower-middle-income countries at US$13 billion (lowest since 1993).
• Top Countries:
  • The top five countries accounted for 50% of the total investment in 2002.
  • China was the largest contributor, with 48 projects reaching closure, mainly in natural gas distribution and water.
  • Brazil, India, the Czech Republic, and Mexico also had significant contributions.

Key Information

• Investment Commitments: Between 1990 and 2002, over 2,600 infrastructure projects in developing countries involved private participation, attracting more than US$800 billion in investment commitments.
• Project Types: Projects were implemented under various schemes, including management contracts, concessions, divestitures, greenfield build-operate-transfer (BOT), and build-operate-own (BOO).
• Canceled Projects: In 2002, 10 projects were canceled, bringing the total number of canceled projects since 1990 to 57. These represented 2% of projects and 3% of investment in the period.
• Methodology:
  • The PPI Database includes low- and middle-income countries only.
  • Investment figures are in 2002 U.S. dollars, adjusted using the U.S. consumer price index.
  • The database records total investment, not just private investment, including facility expansion, divestiture revenues, and license or canon fees.

Conclusion

Despite a notable decline in 2002, private sector participation in infrastructure remained significant, particularly in energy and certain regions. The data highlights the importance of continued policy support and market conditions in driving private investment in infrastructure development.