2015-12-31-世界卫生组织-2016_STEPS_Country_Report_Anguilla_194页_3mb

The 2016 Anguilla STEPwise survey revealed high prevalence of non-communicable disease (NCD) risk factors in adults, with significant disparities by sex and age group. Key findings include:

1. Behavioral Risk Factors:

   • Smoking rates were higher in men (10.2%) than women (1.5%), with young men showing the highest prevalence.
   • Alcohol consumption was common (52%), with harmful episodic drinking (binging) more frequent in men.
   • Fruit and vegetable intake was low (<5 servings daily, 11.3% meeting recommendations), salt intake concerns were recognized, and physical inactivity exceeded WHO guidelines (26.4% not meeting recommendations), with women more affected (36.7%).

2. Health Outcomes:

   • Hypertension affected 27% of adults (males 23%, females 20.6%), with insufficient control (30.2%) despite high treatment rates.
   • Overweight/obesity was near-universal (70.1%) and more severe in women (39% obese vs. 30% men).
   • Diabetes prevalence was 9.1%, with mixed medication adherence.

3. Risk Factor Combinations:

   • Nearly two-thirds (62.4%) had one to two risk factors, while over one-third (35.2%) had three to five, increasing NCD vulnerability.
   • Women faced higher combined risk factors (39.2% vs. 31.3% men), especially in the 45–69 age group (58.5% women).

4. Recommendations:

   • Implement tobacco control (e.g., public smoking bans), increase physical activity interventions, reform dietary practices, and enhance hypertension management.
   • Strengthen NCD surveillance, workplace wellness programs, and community-based salt reduction initiatives.
   • Review existing health services, particularly for men's engagement, to address key risk factors effectively.