2010-04-09-美国商务部-Measuring_The_Green_Economy_–_Appendix_2_18页_106kb

MEASURING THE GREEN ECONOMY REPORT SUMMARY

Data Source: 2007 Economic Census primarily used, with supplementary data sources/methods developed. NAICS system classifies industries.

Methodology for Green Shipments/Receipts/Emloyment:

1. Primary Data: Economic Census provides direct shipment/sales figures for individual products/services at the manufacturer level. However, employment is only available at the six-digit NAICS level.
2. Assumption: Green employment was estimated by assuming a proportion of NAICS-level employment corresponds to the proportion of shipments identified as green. Green shipments were determined by summing the values of all NAICS product/service codes identified as green within a six-digit NAICS code.
3. Supplemental Estimates: Specific green products (AFVs/hybrids, green building, energy efficient appliances, solar PV, organic agriculture) not fully captured by the Census required estimates derived from other sources (market share data, industry reports). These estimates were added to both narrow and broad green categories.

Limitations and Scope:

• Confidentiality: Census avoids reporting details for low-volume products.
• Coding: NAICS codes weren't designed to identify environmental impact, and green definitions can be ambiguous.
• Coverage: Excludes agriculture, government establishments, some services, and potentially small or niche green products due to data constraints.
• Disaggregation: Inconsistent data aggregation made comparing shipments and employment within the same industry difficult using Census data alone.

Supplemental Details (Examples):

• Alternative Fuel Vehicles/Hybrids: Estimated market share (6.7-10.2% of light-duty vehicle sales), sales value ($29.2-44.4B), and employment (76,400-116,200).
• Green Building: Estimated $36-49B in construction value ($24-29B non-residential, $12-20B residential), comprising an estimated 3.5-4.8% of total construction value.
• Energy Efficient Appliances: Used ENERGY STAR market share data for specific appliance types (refrigerators, dishwashers, etc.).

Comparison with Other Studies:

• Founding studies often used proprietary databases or surveryed businesses directly, unlike the report's Census-based approach.
• Significantly higher estimates exist (e.g., 9-14 million jobs), often based on occupation-level counting rather than business/product-based estimation.
• Some studies include government green employment, while this report focuses solely on the private sector.

References: Various government and private data sources are cited, likely including initiatives aligning with Eurostat's green industry standards, though data remains inconsistent.