2025-06-03-世界卫生组织-Environmental_Health_Armenia_2025_country_profile_4页_270kb

Health and Environment Scorecard Summary: Armenia

Overall Score: 45 / 100

1. Air Pollution

• PM2.5 Level: 34 μg/m³ (exceeding WHO guideline of 5 μg/m³).
• Health Impact: Significant contributor to premature deaths from stroke and ischemic heart disease.
• Legal Standards: No existing legal standards for PM2.5.
• Lead Exposure: Average blood lead level in children under 5 is 4 μg/dL; legal limits for lead paint exist but may not be effectively enforced.

2. Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH)

• Access: 89% of population has safely managed drinking water services; 92% access to safely managed sanitation.
• Health Impact: High rates of exposure among children to arsenic in drinking water, leading to significant health risks.

3. Occupational Health

• Exposure: Low rates of informal employment (2–4%).
• Health Impact: Substantial absence rates (9–41%) due to occupational risks.
• Regulations: Limited national policy instruments for occupational health and safety for health workers; no specific framework

4. Chemical and Radiation Risks

• Lead Poisoning: Legal limits exist for lead paint; average blood lead levels are below the 5 μg/dL guideline.
• Mercury Regulation: Compliance with the Minamata Convention on Mercury confirmed.
• Radon Risk: No national regulations for residential radon levels.

5. Climate Change Vulnerability

• Health Resilience: Minimal assessment and planning for climate adaptation despite high vulnerability in elderly populations.
• Emissions Scenario: High emissions scenario (RCP8.5) projected for 2050 potentially increasing extreme heat days significantly.
• National Commitments: Lack of explicit low-carbon commitments and absence of a national climate change health plan.

Key Challenges

• Data gaps in climate adaptation planning and country-specific consultations.
• Limited enforcement of legal standards for air quality, lead paint, and radon.
• Largely insufficient funding for health policies or emergency response capacities.