2025-06-03-世界卫生组织-Environmental_Health_Argentina_2025_country_profile_4页_270kb

报告摘要

Argentina: Health and Environment Scorecard Summary

Overall Score: 69, indicating a medium-to-low performance across health and environment indicators.
Key Scores: Exposure score (51) is low, reflecting high risks from factors like air pollution and climate vulnerability; Health score (72) is moderate, suggesting reasonably good health outcomes despite exposure risks; Policy score (84) is high, showing strong regulatory commitments.
Major Areas:
- Air pollution: Argentina has high PM2.5 levels (12 μg/m³ vs. WHO guideline of 5 μg/m³) with compliant standards absent, leading to estimated stroke and ischemic heart disease deaths. Not meeting WHO guidelines, score under air pollution is low.
- Water and sanitation: High percentages of the population lack safe drinking water and sanitation facilities, exceeding WHO targets (e.g., >50% unserved in some indicators), contributing to diarrhoeal deaths.
- Climate change: Facing high emissions scenarios (RCP8.5), with vulnerability in the aging population; however, existing adaptation plans and commitments exist.
- Health policy: Strong in regulations for mercury, lead paint, and chemical/radiation emergencies; international conventions are partially adhered to, e.g., Minamata Convention ratification.
- Occupational health: Moderate risks, with reported deaths from occupational diseases, but issues in regulatory coverage and infrastructure like reliable electricity for healthcare facilities.
- Environmental protection: Insufficient data on terrestrial and marine protected areas; deforestation rates show negative changes from 1990 to 2020.