2022-07-05-世界卫生组织-Immunization_Venezuela_Bolivarian_Republic_of_2022_country_profile_17页_390kb
报告摘要
- Venezuela Immunization Coverage Summary (WHO/UNICEF, 2021 Data)
- Overall Trends: Immunization coverage in Venezuela declined significantly from 2010 to 2021, particularly due to systemic issues like frequent vaccine stock-outs, economic crises, humanitarian disruptions, and COVID-19 impacts. Coverage estimates are based on national government reports but often challenged by data quality (GoC status) and lack of reliable surveys.
- Key Challenges:
- Health System Disruptions: Economic instability and humanitarian crises led to prolonged vaccine and syringe shortages, affecting vaccine delivery. For example, stock-outs lasted months in 2016-2017, contributing to coverage drops.
- Data Issues: Many estimates are rated as "D" (data challenges), with inaccuracies in reporting administrativedata and survey availability. HepBB birth dose coverage was particularly low due to poor data.
- Vaccine-Specific Status:
- BCG: Maintained high coverage (>90%) in early years, but declined in recent years (e.g., 35% in 2017).
- DTP1/DTP3/Pol3: Showed declines; DTP3 had lows of 56% in 2021, linked to pandemic-related disruptions.
- IPV1: Introduced in 2016, but coverage dropped to 70% by 2021 due to stock-outs.
- MCV1/MCV2: MCV2 coverage was critically low (e.g., 13% in 2019), indicating risks to measles control.
- HepBB/HepB3/Hib3: Birth dose coverage was poor (e.g., HepBB at 73% reported), and booster doses declined significantly.
- RotaC/PcV3/YFV: Coverage was very low or absent in later years, with YFV affected by stock-outs but some stability in other periods.
- Conclusion: Immunization coverage remains suboptimal and increasingly fragile, exacerbated by repeated disruptions. WHO/UNICEF recommends high-quality surveys and systemic improvements to rebuild trust and coverage data. Data challenges limit accurate assessment, necessitating cautious use of estimates.
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