20220131-IRENA-Smart_Electrification_with_Renewables_Driving_the_Transformation_of_Energy_Services_136页_5mb

• Introduction to Smart Electrification: Electrification with renewables is a cornerstone of global energy transitions, enhancing efficiency and reducing emissions. The report emphasizes the need for smart strategies to optimize deployment.
• Building Electrification: Direct electrification via heat pumps and modified practices; hydrogen/kits could reduce primary energy demand. Urban electrification pathways vary by climate.
• Transport Electrification: Direct electrification via EVs is key. Hydrogen provides flexibility, and strategies include smart charging and grid integration.
• Industrial Electrification: High-temperature processes focus on heat pumps and electrical retrofits. Systematic implementation can reduce energy consumption cost-effectively.
• Gas Network Siting: Strategic placement near renewable resources maximizes hydrogen blending potential.
• Power Strategies: Dynamic asset deployment and smart charging mitigate grid congestion and optimize renewable integration.
• Challenges and Opportunities: Address high-density market penetration uncertainties through continued aggressive policy formulations and technological commitment.

🌳 Global Summary: By 2050, electricity could supply close to 50% of final energy demand. Five-country examples show varying rates: Norway (49%), Germany (35%), China (52%), UAE (less defined), USA (41-44% varied).