IMF-斐济_选定问题（英）-2025.6_24页_1mb

Fiji is highly vulnerable to climate change and sea-level rise due to its archipelagic location. Observed climate trends show a slow warming rate, with minimal changes in precipitation extremes. Sea-level rise is projected to continue, leading to potential annual GDP losses of ~1.8% without adaptation. Protection strategies are costly and may not be efficient, whereas planned retreat can reduce these costs to ~0.3% of GDP. Fiji has implemented innovative policies, such as a trust fund for relocation and guidelines for orderly adaptation, emphasizing a mix of protection and retreat. Recommendations include integrating cost-benefit analysis into policy decisions for efficient adaptation, ensuring fiscal sustainability, and leveraging granular data for better planning across sectors.