2024-03-03-世界卫生组织-Influenza_Update_N°_466_12页_1mb

报告摘要

Influenza Update Summary

Recommendations

Countries should monitor influenza and SARS-CoV-2 co-circulation via integrated surveillance and report data promptly. Clinicians should consider influenza in differential diagnoses, especially for high-risk groups, and follow national guidelines for testing and treatment.

Global Overview

Influenza activity remains elevated in most northern hemisphere countries, though global detections are decreasing; Influenza A viruses predominate.
SARS-CoV-2 sentinel positivity remains below 10% globally, but slightly higher in the Americas and Western Pacific.
RSV activity remains low or decreasing.
WHO GISRS laboratories tested over 544,975 specimens, with 96,018 positive for influenza (72.4% A, 27.6% B); all B viruses were Victoria lineage.
SARS-CoV-2 was detected in many more samples through non-sentinel surveillance.

Regional Details

Northern Hemisphere

North America: Activity low or expected in Canada; elevated, possibly peaking, in USA (A(H1N1)pdm09). ILI/SARI stable or trends vary; RSV decreasing in US/Canada.
Europe & Central Asia: Activity decreasing but above 10%; widespread in most countries; ICU admissions elevated; SARS-CoV-2 decreasing. ILI/ARI elevated in most reporting countries.
Northern Africa: Activity decreasing; SARS-CoV-2 low, slightly increasing in Egypt.
Eastern Asia: Activity continuing to decrease; Hong Kong SAR, Japan, Mongolia, Republic of Korea all decreasing with varying B/A lineages or SARS-CoV-2 positivity.
Western Asia: Activity increasing/decreasing in Georgia, Israel, & Armenia; A predominant; SARS-CoV-2 variable.

Southern Hemisphere

Oceania & New Zealand: Activity low; RSV increasing in New South Wales/Wallis & Futuna.
Southern Africa: Influenza/SARS-CoV-2 sentinel activity low; RSV increasing reported.
Temperate South America: Activity low; SARS-CoV-2 predominant.

Tropical Zones

Central/South America: Activity low generally, except pockets; B/A lineages predominate. SARS-CoV-2 activity high overall, decreasing in many areas except Brazil/Colombia.
Tropical Africa:
- Western: Low influenza/SARS-CoV-2 detections.
- Middle: Low influenza, highest reporting in Cameroon for ILI/SARI.
- Eastern: Predominately A(H3N2) stable/elevated, SARS-CoV-2 variable.
Tropical Asia:
- Southern: All subtypes co-circulating, decreasing in some reporting countries like Maldives/Pakistan/Sri Lanka; SARS-CoV-2 variable.
- South-East: High positivity driven by Malaysia/Singapore; all subtypes reported.