2025年科技与创新报告_包容性人工智能促进发展（英文）_182页_11mb

Frontier technologies, particularly artificial intelligence (AI), are advancing rapidly, with a market projected to grow significantly by 2033. AI is positioned as a general-purpose technology that can transform various sectors, potentially affecting up to 40% of global employment. While AI offers substantial productivity gains, it also raises concerns about job displacement, inequality, and ethical issues like bias and data privacy.

Key trends include:

• Market Dominance: A few multinational tech giants control a large share of AI research, investment, and development, raising concerns about uneven distribution of benefits.
• Knowledge Asymmetries: Developed countries lead in AI publications and patents, widening the gap with developing nations.
• Three Critical Leverage Points: The adoption and development of AI depend on infrastructure (digital and computing power), data availability, and skills. Countries with higher readiness indices, such as the US, Sweden, and Singapore, score better on these metrics.
• AI Divide: Significant disparities exist between developed and developing countries, with the latter facing challenges in accessing AI infrastructure, data, and talent. This risks exacerbating global inequalities.

The chapter emphasizes the need for inclusive AI policies, international collaboration, and multi-stakeholder approaches to ensure AI development benefits all, addressing both opportunities and risks while promoting equitable access.