世界银行-释放印度浮动太阳能光伏的潜力（英）-2023-152页._3mb

FSPV Report Summary

Introduction

Floating Solar Photovoltaics (FSPV) offers solutions to land shortages for renewable energy deployment. It provides co-benefits such as reducing evaporation from water bodies, enhancing renewable energy generation, and minimizing land conflicts. The global FSPV market is growing, with countries like India, Japan, and Vietnam leading in deployment.

Status and Challenges in India

1. Current Status: India has identified 300 GW of FSPV potential, with over 350 MW already installed and several projects in the pipeline.
2. Drivers:
   • Abundant water resources suitable for FSPV deployment.
   • High opportunity costs of land for solar projects.
   • Climate change commitments under the Paris Agreement.
3. Barriers:
   • Lack of specific technical standards.
   • High manufacturing costs and limited domestic production.
   • Complex regulatory processes and unclear water rights.
   • Limited long-term environmental impact studies.

Recommendations

1. Policy Measures:
   • Set clear FSPV targets within India’s National Solar Mission.
   • Establish a dedicated regulatory framework for FSPV.
2. Market Development:
   • Promote plug-and-play models for large-scale projects.
   • Facilitate bankable business models through government support.
3. Technology and Innovation:
   • Develop comprehensive technical standards and guidelines.
   • Encourage research and testing infrastructure for FSPV components.
4. Capacity Building:
   • Train workforce with specialized skills for FSPV installation and maintenance.
   • Include women in FSPV-related training programs.
5. Standardization:
   • Align with global standards like DNV-RP-0584 for FSPV design.

Regional Cooperation in South Asia

India can play a pivotal role in fostering FSPV development across South Asia:

• Share knowledge through regional forums like ISA, SAREH, and ESCAP.
• Leverage bilateral partnerships with countries like Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, and Nepal.
• Organize joint training programs and facilitate technology transfer.

Key Global Practices

• Use of green bonds for financing FSPV projects.
• Hybrid integration with hydropower to enhance energy reliability.
• Advanced floating designs for optimal performance in challenging environments.

By addressing the identified barriers and following the recommendations, India can unlock its FSPV potential and position itself as a leader in floating solar globally.