2022-11-17-世界卫生组织-Oral_Health_Namibia_2022_country_profile_2页_661kb

Namibia Oral Health Country Profile Summary

1. Oral Disease Burden

• Prevalence (2019):
  • Deciduous teeth caries in 1-9 years: 37.8%.
  • Untreated permanent teeth caries in ≥5 years: 76.2%.
  • Severe periodontal disease in ≥15 years: 23.6%.
  • Edentulism in ≥20 years: 11.2%.
  • Lip and oral cavity cancer cases (2014–2019): 102 total; rates: 4.1, 10.3, 6.6 per 100,000 for female, male, and total populations, respectively.

2. Tobacco & Alcohol Use

• Current tobacco use (≥15 years): 15.5%.
• Per capita alcohol consumption (≥15 years/year): 3.2 liters.

3. National Health System Response

• Oral Health Policy: Exists in an operational or drafting stage.
• Staff & Procedures:
  • Government has dedicated staff for oral health, particularly on NCDs.
  • Procedures for detection/management/urgent care are generally available, but basic restorative dental procedures are unavailable in primary care facilities.
• Health Benefit Packages: Includes essential/advanced curative care but not routine or preventive oral health care.
• Financing & Affordability:
  • Only 90% of the population is covered by the main health financing scheme.
  • Fluoride toothpaste is affordable for the poorest households (≤1 day needed to buy annual supply).

4. Oral Health Workforce (2018)

• Dentists: 178.
• Dental Therapists/Assistants: 58.
• Dental Prosthetists: 37.

5. Risk Factors

• Sugar availability (g/person/day): ~62.4.
• Unhealthy alcohol use (≥15 years): 3.2 liters/year.

6. Economic Impact

• Total dental expenditure (million USD, 2019): 2.8 million USD.
• Productivity losses due to oral diseases: 45 million USD.
• Routine preventive oral care is not included in benefit packages.

Notes:

• Noma and specific public-private partnerships are absent in the response.
• Fewer than half of the target preventive interventions (like SSB tax, screening) are implemented.

Data source: Compiled from WHO, NCD CCS, Global Burden of Disease 2019, etc.