2022-11-17-世界卫生组织-Oral_Health_Nepal_2022_country_profile_2页_661kb

Nepal Oral Health Country Profile Summary

1. Oral Disease Burden

• Dental Caries: High prevalence of untreated caries among children (1-9 years: ~51% of deciduous teeth decayed) and adults (≥5 years: over 30% of permanent teeth decayed).
• Periodontal Disease: Affects nearly 15% of the 15+ year old population.
• Edentulism: Nearly 1.4% of adults over 20 years have no natural teeth.
• Oral Cancer: Estimated 608 females and 608 males developed oral cavity or lip cancer between 2014 and 2019 per 100,000 population.

2. Health System Response

• Workforce: There are approximately 2718 dentists, 2025 dental assistants/therapists, 70 dental prosthetic technicians per 82.4 million population (data from 2018).
• Policies & Financing: A national oral health policy exists. Some essential and routine oral health interventions are included in government health financing schemes. However, rehabilitative interventions are not included.
• Access & Procedures: Limited access to primary prevention/detection, screening, urgent/emergency care, restorative procedures, and many advanced/complex curative and rehabilitative treatments in public primary care facilities.
• Affordability: Fluoride toothpaste presents significant affordability challenges.

3. Risk Factors

• High levels of per capita sugar consumption.
• Substantial tobacco use among males and moderate use overall.
• Significant alcohol consumption by males.
• High noma prevalence recognized only regionally.

4. Economic Impact

• Estimated total dental healthcare expenditure in 2019 was US$89 million.
• Per capita expenditure on dental healthcare was US$3.1 in 2019.
• Productivity losses due to oral diseases were estimated at US$54 million in 2019.
• Requires multiple labor days for individuals to purchase the recommended annual supply of fluoride toothpaste (unaffordable for many).