2012年-世界发展银行全球_Doing_Business_Economy_Profile_2013___Hungary_115页_1mb

Summary of Hungary's Economy Profile in Doing Business 2013

Core Content Overview

The Doing Business 2013 report provides an analysis of the business environment in Hungary, focusing on regulations affecting small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). It measures and ranks the ease of doing business across 11 key areas, including starting a business, dealing with construction permits, getting electricity, registering property, getting credit, protecting investors, paying taxes, trading across borders, enforcing contracts, resolving insolvency, and employing workers. The report also compares Hungary with other economies and highlights the impact of regulatory reforms on business operations.

Main Indicators and Rankings

Key Findings

• Ease of Doing Business Rank: Hungary ranked 54th in 2013, down from 49th in 2012.
• Paying Taxes: Hungary ranked 118th, with 12 payments per year and 277 hours of compliance per year. The best performer was the United Arab Emirates.
• Trading Across Borders: Hungary ranked 73rd, with 6 documents required for export and 7 for import, taking 17 days to export and 19 to import. The best performer was Singapore.
• Enforcing Contracts: Hungary ranked 16th, with an average of 395 days to enforce a contract and a cost of 15% of the claim. The best performer was Luxembourg.
• Resolving Insolvency: Hungary ranked 70th, with a resolution time of 2 years and a recovery rate of 38.8 cents on the dollar. The best performer was Japan.

Regulatory Reforms in Hungary

• DB2008: Introduced a new Company Act and Corporate Procedure Act, standardizing forms, implementing a "silent-is-consent" rule, and enabling electronic registration.
• DB2009: Reduced minimum capital requirements by 80%, introduced online filing and publication, and made notary use optional.
• DB2010: Further simplified the process with online registration, reducing confirmation time to one hour.
• DB2011 & DB2012: No significant reforms recorded.
• DB2013: Made starting a business more complex by increasing registration fees and adding a new tax registration requirement at the time of incorporation.

Methodology Notes

• The rankings are based on the ease of doing business index, which measures the simple average of percentile rankings across 10 topics.
• The report also introduces the distance to frontier measure, showing how far an economy is from the best practices in each indicator.
• The data cover 185 economies, including OECD high-income countries, and are current as of June 1, 2012, except for paying taxes, which cover January-December 2011.

Importance of the Report

• The report helps identify areas where regulatory reforms have had a positive impact.
• It provides insights into the obstacles and strengths in the business environment.
• The findings support policymakers in designing more effective regulatory reforms.

Conclusion

Hungary has made some improvements in business regulations over the years, particularly in reducing the minimum capital requirement and streamlining the process for starting a business. However, the country has also seen some regression in 2013, with increased registration fees and additional compliance requirements. The report highlights the importance of continuing reforms to enhance the ease of doing business and improve economic competitiveness.