2006-11-18-世界卫生组织-Meningitis_Week_46,_13_November_2006_to_19_November_2006_9页_759kb

Weekly Bulletin on Cerebrospinal Meningitis - Week 46, 2006

Epidemiological Situation (Week 46, Nov 13-19, 2006)

• Total Cases: 120 cases reported across several countries.
• Total Deaths: 19 deaths, resulting in an overall lethality rate of 15.8%.

Country-specific details:

• Benin: 7 cases, 1 death (lethality: 14.3%); PCR, LATEX, CULTURE used for identification.
• Burkina Faso: No reported cases for the current week.
• Cameroun: No reported cases for the current week.
• Centrafrique: No reported cases for the current week.
• Côte d'Ivoire: 5 cases, 1 death (lethality: 20.0%).
• Ethiopia: No reported cases for the current week.
• Ghana: 4 cases, 0 deaths (lethality: 0.0%).
• Guinée: No reported cases for the current week.
• Mali: 1 case, 0 deaths (lethality: 0.0%).
• Niger: 9 cases, 0 deaths (lethality: 0.0%).
• Nigeria: 14 cases, 5 deaths (lethality: 35.7%).
• RD Congo: 44 cases, 12 deaths (lethality: 27.3%).
• Tchad: 9 cases, 0 deaths (lethality: 0.0%); Alert status with Acute Rate (AR) of 7.5 cases per 100,000.
• Togo: 27 cases, 0 deaths (lethality: 0.0%); District V is in alert.

Alerts:

• Togo: District V has an alert phase due to 7.5 cases per 100,000 inhabitants.
• Nigeria, Central African Republic, and Ethiopia are outside the meningitis belt, where alert/epidemic thresholds do not apply.

Editorial Note:

• The district situation is calm except for Togo's district V being under alert.
• Contact details provided for further information (multi-disease surveillance center).

Synthesis of the Epidemiological Situation (Weeks 1-46, 2006)

• Total Cases: 39,273 cases across multiple countries.
• Total Deaths: 3,679 deaths, resulting in an overall lethality rate of 9.4%.

Key countries and highlights (partial list):

• Benin: 284 cases, 59 deaths.

• Burkina Faso: 1,809 cases, 0.

• Cameroun: Data unavailable after week 13.

• Côte d'Ivoire: 656 cases, 105 deaths.

• Ethiopia: 109 cases, 32 deaths.

• Ghana: 437 cases, 101 deaths.

• Guinée: 184 cases, 17 deaths.

• Mali: 998 cases, 75 deaths (7.5% lethality).

• Niger: 4,389 cases, 318 deaths.

• Nigeria: 5,468 cases, 765 deaths (14% lethality).

• Tchad: 1,401 cases, 155 deaths.

• Togo: 444 cases, 31 deaths.

• Countries under consideration for enhanced surveillance are being monitored.

Pathogens Identified (PCR, Latex, Culture, Weeks 1-46, 2006)

• Dominant Pathogens: Neisseria meningitidis serogroups A, W135, and others.
• Other Pathogens: S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae type B.

Country-specific pathogen counts partial listing:

• Niger: 2,388 total, with PCR done on many cases.
• Tchad: Similar comprehensive pathogen identification.
• RD Congo: 22 total cases with various pathogen findings.
• Togo: 157 PCR tests with specific pathogen breakdown.

Graphical Data Representation (Included Graphs Representing Attack Rates and Trends)

• Figures 1 & 2: Cartographic representation of cumulative attack rates (district by country).
• Seasonality Trends: Figures 3, showing comparative trends between years 2005 & 2006.

Countries with notable graphs (partial listing):

• Côte d'Ivoire, Tchad, Central African Republic, Cameroun, Nigeria, Ethiopia