【智话医药】普华永道发布《打造更有韧性的医疗体系：未来十年的行动计划》报告-52页_6mb

Summary of "Making Healthcare Systems Resilient"

Core Content

This document outlines an action plan for building resilient healthcare systems over the next decade. It emphasizes the importance of preparing for both natural and human-caused hazards, which have increasingly exposed the weaknesses of current healthcare infrastructure. The paper presents a comprehensive framework for assessing and improving healthcare resilience through the coordinated efforts of three core stakeholders: central governments, healthcare regulators, and healthcare providers.

Main Viewpoints

1. The Need for Healthcare Resilience

• The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the lack of preparedness in many healthcare systems globally.
• Natural hazards such as extreme weather, pandemics, and environmental pollution are becoming more frequent and severe due to climate change.
• Human-caused hazards like terrorism, political unrest, and cyberattacks are also growing in frequency and impact, particularly on healthcare systems.
• Healthcare resilience is defined as the capacity of a country to prevent, surveil, respond to, and recover from shocks, stresses, and adversity.

2. Key Areas of Healthcare Resilience

Healthcare resilience can be assessed through three main areas:

• Exposure to Hazards: Involves understanding the types and frequency of natural and human-caused health threats.
• Vulnerabilities: Includes factors such as clinical access, behavioral patterns, disease profiles, environmental conditions, at-risk groups, and economic and social disparities.
• Response Capacities: Refers to the ability of a healthcare system to act swiftly and effectively during a crisis, including prevention, surveillance, emergency response, and recovery.

3. The Framework for Assessment

• Strategy& has developed a composite healthcare resilience framework that includes 202 key performance indicators (KPIs).
• These indicators are categorized into three main areas: exposure to hazards, vulnerabilities, and response capacities.
• Each area is further broken down into subcategories, such as natural hazards, human-caused hazards, clinical vulnerabilities, behavioral vulnerabilities, and economic and social vulnerabilities.

Key Information

1. Exposure to Hazards

• Natural hazards include extreme weather, pandemics, and environmental pollution.
• Human-caused hazards encompass terrorism, political unrest, and cyberattacks.
• These hazards have been increasing in frequency and severity, and they require healthcare systems to be prepared for both predictable and unpredictable events.

2. Vulnerabilities

• There are six types of vulnerabilities that can intensify the impact of health threats:
  • Clinical: Inadequate access to quality healthcare.
  • Behavioral: Poor individual health habits.
  • Disease Profile: High prevalence of chronic diseases.
  • Environmental and Occupational: Poor air and water quality.
  • At-Risk Groups: Vulnerable populations such as the elderly or those in conflict zones.
  • Economic and Social: Inequalities in healthcare access based on socioeconomic status.

3. Response Capacities

• Prevention Capacity: Involves preparedness plans, immunization strategies, and stockpiling medical supplies.
• Surveillance Capacity: Requires early detection, monitoring, and control of health threats.
• Emergency Response Capacity: Includes flexible laws, agile governance, and public-private partnerships.
• Recovery Capacity: Focuses on rebuilding systems and enhancing resilience for future shocks.

4. A Plan for Action

• Governments must develop integrated and evidence-based health resilience blueprints.
• These blueprints should include:
  1. Assessing exposure to hazards.
  2. Reducing key vulnerabilities through long-term strategies.
  3. Building prevention capacity with the right enablers.
  4. Strengthening surveillance capacity with real-time data and international cooperation.
  5. Enhancing emergency response through flexible governance and funding.
  6. Investing in recovery strategies and technology-enabled systems.

5. Case Studies

• France: Reshored pharmaceutical production to reduce dependency and improve supply chain resilience.
• United States: Improved regional disaster health response through better coordination and resource allocation.
• Singapore: Enhanced national capacity through the National University Cancer Institute, focusing on innovation and research.

Conclusion

Healthcare systems worldwide are not adequately prepared for the increasing frequency and severity of health threats. Building resilience requires a coordinated effort among central governments, regulators, and healthcare providers. A structured framework, supported by key performance indicators, can help countries assess and improve their healthcare resilience. The paper calls for a long-term, integrated approach to ensure that healthcare systems can effectively prevent, surveil, respond to, and recover from future health crises.

Appendix: Indicators in the Composite Healthcare Resilience Framework

• The framework includes 202 indicators across three main areas: exposure, vulnerability, and response capacities.
• These indicators are normalized and averaged to assess the resilience of a country’s healthcare system.

Endnotes

• The document references various studies and reports, including the GHS Index, WHO, World Bank, and UNICEF, to support its findings.
• It highlights the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration, technology integration, and policy reform in building resilient healthcare systems.

Contacts

• The document is produced by strategy&, part of the PwC network, in collaboration with the World Government Summit 2021.
• For further information, contact details are provided for additional support and inquiries.