2021-06-28-世界卫生组织-Hypertension_Kenya_2020_country_profile_2页_380kb

Summary of Kenya Hypertension Fact Sheet

Burden of Hypertension (2015)

• Kenya's population aged 18-69 years was approximately 47.9 million in 2015.
• Hypertension affected 23.7% of the adult population, equivalent to 5.7 million people.
• Awareness of hypertension was high, with 48.4% of the population knowing they had it (based on diagnosis and treatment).
• Control rates were low, with only 4.2% of hypertensives achieving controlled blood pressure (<140/90 mmHg).
• Disparities exist by age and sex; for example, in 2015, prevalence ranged from 8.3% in younger adults to over 50% in older age groups for both males and females, with higher control rates in younger populations.

Hypertension Control Rates

• Among those with hypertension:
  • 48.4% were aware (diagnosed) and exhibited raised blood pressure.
  • 13.1% were under treatment with prescribed medications.
  • Only 4.2% had controlled blood pressure levels.
• Trends indicate increasing uncontrolled hypertension prevalence among adults aged 18+ from 2000 to 2025.

National Systems Response (2019)

• Kenya had policies in place to reduce population salt/sodium consumption and ensure the availability of essential hypertension medicines in primary health care facilities.
• Blood pressure measurement was reported as "generally available" in many facilities.

National Targets (2015-2020)

• No specific national target was set for hypertension prevalence.
• A target was set for a 15% relative reduction in mean population salt intake.

WHO Recommendations for Prevention and Control

• Address modifiable risk factors, including unhealthy diets, physical inactivity, tobacco use, and alcohol consumption, through technical packages like MPOWER, ACTIVE, SHAKE, REPLACE, and HEARTS.
• Improve hypertension identification, treatment, and management using evidence-based protocols and ensuring access to essential medicines.
• Monitor blood pressure control rates and population prevalence in clinical settings.

Data Sources and Trends

• Data from the 2015 Kenya STEPwise survey and trends from the Global Health Observatory show that awareness and control rates remain low, with hypertension being a significant public health issue.
• Involves tracking global and national efforts to reduce burden, but current rates fall short of targets.

Key Actions Needed

• Strengthen national systems to improve awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension.
• Scale up WHO technical packages for risk factor modification and hypertension management.
• Address socioeconomic barriers to accessing care and medicines.