2021-11-16-世界卫生组织-Cervical_cancer_Greece_2021_country_profile_1页_63kb

Cervical Cancer Summary

Core Content

The document provides an overview of cervical cancer epidemiology, prevention, and treatment in a specific region, highlighting the current status and challenges in achieving the WHO Cervical Cancer Elimination Strategy Targets for 2030.

Incidence and Mortality

• Crude cervical cancer incidence per 100,000 women (2020): 13.1
• Age-standardized cervical cancer incidence per 100,000 women (2020): 8.1
• Cumulative risk of cervical cancer for ages 0-74 (2020): 0.8%
• Cervical cancer deaths (2019): 240
• Cervical cancer mortality-to-incidence ratio (2020): 0.4
• Population-based cancer registry (2021): No

These statistics indicate that cervical cancer is a significant public health issue, with a notable incidence rate and mortality burden. The mortality-to-incidence ratio suggests that a substantial proportion of diagnosed cases result in death, emphasizing the need for improved treatment and supportive care systems.

Primary Prevention

• HPV vaccination programme coverage among girls (2020): Not available
• HPV included in national vaccination programme: Yes
• Scale of vaccination programme: National
• Year of introduction: 2009
• Primary target cohort: 11-12 years

The country has a national HPV vaccination programme introduced in 2009, targeting girls aged 11-12. However, there is no available data on the coverage of this programme, which may affect its effectiveness in preventing cervical cancer.

Related Risk Factors:

• Tobacco use prevalence among women aged 15+ years (2020): 27%
• Condom use at last high-risk sex: Not determined (ND)
• HIV incidence per 1000 women aged 15+ years (2020): 0.03

Tobacco use is prevalent among women, which is a known risk factor for cervical cancer. Condom use and HIV incidence data are limited, suggesting a need for more comprehensive data collection to better understand and address these risk factors.

Secondary Prevention

• National screening programme for cervical cancer exists (2021): Yes
• Primary screening test used (2021): Cytology
• Target age range of programme: While sexually active
• Programme/guidelines for early detection at primary health care level (2021): Yes
• Referral system from primary to secondary and tertiary care (2021): Yes

A national cervical cancer screening programme based on cytology is in place, targeting women while they are sexually active. The programme includes guidelines for early detection at the primary health care level and a clear referral system to ensure timely access to advanced care.

Screening Coverage (2019):

• 9 in 10 women have been screened for cervical cancer in the last 5 years

This high screening coverage is a positive indicator, suggesting that the secondary prevention strategy is well-implemented and effective in identifying cases early.

Treatment and Supportive Care

• National guidelines on cervical cancer management (2021): No
• Radiotherapy units per 10,000 cancer patients (2021): 9
• Brachytherapy units per 10,000 cancer patients (2021): 2
• Cancer diagnosis and treatment services generally available (2021): Yes (includes cancer centres, pathology services, surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy)

While the country has access to various cancer diagnosis and treatment services, national guidelines for cervical cancer management are lacking, which may impact the standardization and quality of care. The availability of radiotherapy and brachytherapy units is moderate, which could affect treatment options and outcomes.

Medical Staff per 10,000 Cancer Patients (2019):

• Radiation oncologists: Not determined (ND)
• Medical physicists: 68
• Surgeons: 1668
• Radiologists: 493
• Nuclear medicine physicians: Not determined (ND)

There is a sufficient number of surgeons and radiologists, but data on radiation oncologists and nuclear medicine physicians is not available. This could be a limitation in providing specialized care for cervical cancer patients.

WHO Cervical Cancer Elimination Strategy Targets for 2030

• 90% of girls fully vaccinated with the HPV vaccine by the age of 15
• 70% of women screened with a high-performance test by 35 years of age and again by 45 years of age
• 90% of women identified with cervical disease receive treatment

The document outlines these targets as part of the global effort to eliminate cervical cancer. Achieving these goals would require strengthening primary prevention through increased HPV vaccination coverage, expanding secondary prevention by improving screening access, and ensuring that all diagnosed women receive timely and effective treatment.