2016年-世界发展银行全球_Doing_Business_Regional_Profile_2016___Sub-Saharan_Africa_132页_1mb

Summary of Doing Business 2016: Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) Regional Profile

Core Content

The Doing Business 2016 report provides a comprehensive analysis of the regulatory environment for small to medium-sized businesses in 189 economies, with a specific focus on Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). It measures and tracks regulatory quality and efficiency across 11 key areas of the business life cycle, including starting a business, dealing with construction permits, getting electricity, registering property, getting credit, protecting minority investors, paying taxes, trading across borders, enforcing contracts, resolving insolvency, and labor market regulation. The report also includes a regional profile for SSA, highlighting performance across these indicators and comparing it to global best practices and other regions.

Main Indicators and Performance Overview

Ease of Doing Business Ranking

• Ranking Range: 1 (best) to 189 (worst).
• SSA Regional Average: 128th.
• Global Best Performers: New Zealand (1st), Singapore (1st in several indicators), and others.
• Regional Best Performers: Burundi (19th), Rwanda (12th), and Mauritius (41st).
• Regional Worst Performers: Central African Republic (189th), Eritrea (189th), and others.

Distance to Frontier (DTF) Score

• Scale: 0 (worst) to 100 (best).
• SSA Regional Average: 74.42 (Starting a Business), 58.77 (Dealing with Construction Permits), 46.97 (Getting Electricity), 50.98 (Registering Property), 35.85 (Getting Credit), 44.68 (Protecting Minority Investors), 58.01 (Paying Taxes), 48.96 (Trading Across Borders), 47.67 (Enforcing Contracts), and 30.32 (Resolving Insolvency).
• Global Best Performance: New Zealand (99.96), Singapore (92.97), and others.
• Global Worst Performance: Eritrea (0.00), São Tomé and Príncipe (25.00), and others.

Key Changes in Methodology (2016 Update)

1. Expanded Focus on Five Indicators:

   • Dealing with construction permits now includes an index of building regulation quality and implementation.
   • Getting electricity now includes price of consumption and reliability/transparency of tariffs.
   • Registering property includes an index of land administration quality.
   • Enforcing contracts now includes an index of judicial process quality and efficiency.
   • Labor market regulation now covers more aspects of job quality.

2. Substantial Revision to Trading Across Borders:

   • The case study now reflects an economy's comparative advantage for exports and a partner with the highest trade value for imports.

3. Small Methodology Updates:

   • Protecting minority investors now includes regulations for limited companies, not just privately held joint stock companies.

4. Exclusion of Labor Market Regulation from Aggregate Rankings:

   • Labor market regulation indicators are not included in the overall ease of doing business ranking or DTF score.

Key Insights from the Report

• The report highlights the extent of regulatory obstacles and their impact on business operations.
• It enables comparative analysis across regions and economies, identifying successful reforms and areas needing improvement.
• Comparisons with global best performers help identify best practices that can be adopted.
• Regional performance varies significantly, with some countries (e.g., Rwanda, Mauritius) performing well in multiple indicators.
• Ease of doing business rankings are relative, while DTF scores reflect absolute progress towards regulatory best practices.

Indicators Overview

Data Notes

• The data are current as of June 1, 2015, except for the paying taxes indicators, which cover January–December 2014.
• The report does not rank economies on labor market regulation indicators.
• The DTF score is used to measure the absolute distance from the best practice frontier.
• Methodology assumptions include:
  • No prior contact with officials.
  • No bribes.
  • A business is assumed to be a limited liability company in the largest business city.
  • The company is domestically owned, has 10–50 employees, and does not own real estate.

Conclusion

The Doing Business 2016 report offers a detailed assessment of regulatory environments in SSA, identifying areas where reforms are needed and highlighting best practices. It provides policy makers with actionable insights to improve business regulations, enhance economic performance, and support entrepreneurship. The report emphasizes the importance of comparative analysis, transparency, and efficiency in regulatory processes.