2022-07-05-世界卫生组织-Immunization_Haiti_2022_country_profile_25页_403kb

Haiti Immunization Coverage Summary:

• Overview: WHO and UNICEF estimates for Haiti's immunization coverage, based on data received up to July 7, 2022, with the 2021 revision highlighting significant variations due to challenges like COVID-19, stockouts, and data quality issues. Coverage is assessed for various vaccines including BCG, DTP, HepB, Polio, MCV, RCV, and others.

• Key Vaccines and Trends:

  • BCG: Estimated coverage ranged from 20% to 85% depending on the year, with routine levels around 70-90% in earlier years (e.g., 83% in 2015). Recent estimates (2018-2021) showed declines and stockouts.
  • DTP1: Coverage peaked at 88% in 2011, fluctuating due to reporting issues; in 2021, data were excluded, with interpolation based on past levels.
  • DTP3: Generally low, with estimates between 25-84%, showing improvements but weakened by disruptions.
  • Pol3: Coverage varied widely; estimate for 2021 was interpolated, often reflecting political or health service disruptions.
  • Other vaccines (e.g., HepB1, HepB3, MCV1): Similar patterns of variability, influenced by vaccine introduction and reporting declines.

• Major Challenges:

  • Data Issues: Frequently excluded due to poor quality administrative records, reporting biases, and shortages causing estimation uncertainty.
  • COVID-19 Impact: Widespread in 2020-2021, leading to confluence factors such as reduced target populations, health service disruptions, and stockouts of syringes or vaccines (e.g., months-long shortages in key supplies).
  • Political and Operational Disruptions: Socio-political disturbances and inadequate monitoring increased risks of compromised coverage.
  • Stockouts: Chronic shortages hampered service delivery, affecting multiple antigens.
  • Grade of Confidence (GoC): Estimates often had medium risk due to limited empirical support; national authorities sometimes disputed values.

• Implications: Summary emphasizes that while some years show high coverage potentials, overall deficiencies persist. For instance, reported data for 2021 was largely uninformative due to COVID-19, and planned surveys await in 2023 to refine estimates. This suggests a need for enhanced data systems and uninterrupted supply chain management to improve immunization performance in Haiti.