亚开行-尼泊尔Mahalaxmi市下水道和非下水道卫生干预的成本效益分析（英）-2023.7-21页_4mb

Cost–Benefit Analysis of Sewered and Non-Sewered Sanitation in Mahalaxmi Municipality, Nepal

Overview

This study evaluates the economic viability of sanitation interventions using a cost–benefit analysis (CBA) in Mahalaxmi Municipality, Nepal. It compares three scenarios—100% sewered sanitation (SS), 100% non-seewered sanitation (NSS), and a hybrid combination—based on life cycle costs and benefits.

Methodology

• Approach: Conducted a CBA from the perspectives of residents, private sector, and government, using a 20-year design period and discount rate of 6.7%.
• Parameters: Estimated life cycle costs, including capital expenditure (CAPEX) and operating expenditure (OPEX), and benefits limited to reduced mortality and morbidity from diarrheal diseases.
• Scenarios: SS (32% existing coverage), NSS (0% existing), and hybrid (30% SS, 70% NSS).

Results

• NPV Summary:
  • NSS scenario yields positive NPV of $5,127,803.
  • SS scenario has negative NPV at -$275,709,646.
  • Hybrid scenario is negative at -$98,904,772.
• Key Findings: High capital costs for SS and hybrid dominate results; NSS is more affordable. Limitations include insufficient data for other benefits and a small beneficiary population.

Conclusions and Recommendations

• SS Limitations: High costs make SS unfavorable in current analysis.
• NSS Advantage: More cost-effective and feasible under limited benefit consideration.
• Recommendations: Further research on additional benefits (e.g., economic impacts); explore private sector participation to share costs; consider differentiated tariffs for equitable access.