蒙古国可再生能源评估（英文版）_68页-7mb

Mongolia Renewables Readiness Assessment Summary

Core Content

This document presents the Renewables Readiness Assessment (RRA) for Mongolia, conducted in collaboration with the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA). It outlines Mongolia's potential for renewable energy development, current policy frameworks, and challenges that need to be addressed to achieve its renewable energy targets.

Main Viewpoints

• Mongolia's Renewable Resources: The country has significant potential for solar, wind, hydropower, geothermal, and biomass energy, particularly in the Gobi Desert region, which is rich in solar and wind resources.
• Policy Commitment: Mongolia has set ambitious renewable energy targets, aiming to increase the share of renewables in total installed power generation capacity to 20% by 2023 and 30% by 2030.
• Legal and Regulatory Framework: The Renewable Energy Law (2007) has been amended to support a market-oriented approach, promote public-private partnerships, and enhance energy efficiency and security.
• Need for Institutional and Human Capacity: There is a need for enhanced technical, regulatory, and policy capacities to support the integration and deployment of renewable energy.
• Regional Cooperation: Mongolia is exploring regional collaboration, particularly through the Asian Super Grid (ASG), to export renewable electricity to neighboring countries like China, Russia, and South Korea.
• Grid Integration Challenges: The integration of variable renewable sources such as wind and solar presents technical and operational challenges that require detailed studies and planning.

Key Information

Renewable Energy Potential

• Mongolia's total renewable energy potential is estimated at 2.6 terawatts (TW).
• Annual combined electricity output from wind and solar resources could reach 15,000 terawatt-hours (TWh), sufficient to meet China's electricity demand in 2030.
• The Gobi Desert is a key area for solar and wind energy development.

Government Policies and Goals

• The State Policy on the Energy Sector (2015) outlines the transition to a renewable energy-based future.
• The new Energy Conservation and Efficiency Law (2015) supports the energy transition and promotes sustainable development.
• Mongolia is working towards becoming a renewable energy exporter in the region.

Renewable Energy Development

• The 52 MW Salkhit Wind Farm (2013) marked the beginning of utility-scale renewable energy in Mongolia.
• There is a growing pipeline of renewable energy projects, especially in wind and solar.
• The government has committed to increasing the share of renewables in the energy mix to support economic growth and energy security.

Challenges and Recommendations

Regional Grid Infrastructure

• Mongolia is aiming to integrate into the ASG, which would connect it with Russia, China, South Korea, and Japan.
• The Gobitec initiative is part of this vision, seeking to develop a regional power grid and export renewable energy.
• A feasibility study involving all five ASG countries is recommended to understand the costs and benefits of the project.

Future Outlook

• The RRA indicates that Mongolia's renewable energy targets are achievable.
• The development of a regional super grid could provide a promising market for Mongolia's renewable energy output.
• A capacity market or regulating/ancillary service may be necessary to compensate for economic losses during the transition to renewable energy.

Conclusion

Mongolia has a strong political and legal commitment to renewable energy development, and its vast natural resources present a significant opportunity for growth. However, achieving the set targets requires addressing key challenges, including policy, financial, and technical issues, as well as enhancing institutional and human capacities. The proposed Renewables Readiness Assessment provides a roadmap for Mongolia to transition to a sustainable energy future, supported by regional cooperation and international collaboration.