IBEF-印度港口业报告（2019年3月）（英文）-2019.3-36页_1mb

报告摘要

Summary of India's Ports Sector

Core Content

India's ports sector is a vital component of the country's international trade, handling around 95% of the country's trade volume. The sector is experiencing growth due to increased trade activities, private participation, and government initiatives like the Sagarmala programme. With 12 major ports and approximately 205 non-major ports, the infrastructure is expanding to meet rising demand.

Key Points

Major Ports

There are 12 major ports in India, 6 on the Eastern coast and 6 on the Western coast.
These ports are governed by the Major Port Trusts Act 1963, except Ennore port, which is under the Companies Act 1956.
Major ports handled 633.87 million tonnes of cargo in FY19 (up to February 2019), growing at a CAGR of 2.73% from FY08-18.
Net profit at major ports increased from Rs 1,150 crore (US$ 178.4 million) in FY13 to Rs 3,413 crore (US$ 529.6 million) in FY18.
Operating margin rose from 23% to 44% during the same period.
Turnaround time decreased from 107 hours in FY12 to 72 hours in FY19P*.

Non-Major Ports

There are about 205 non-major ports, with 68 handling cargo in 2017-18.
Non-major ports are under the jurisdiction of state governments through Maritime Boards.
Cargo traffic at non-major ports grew at a CAGR of 10% from FY07-18.
In FY19P*, non-major ports accounted for 45% of total cargo traffic, indicating faster growth compared to major ports.

Growth Drivers

Private Participation: Encouraged by FDI of up to 100% under the automatic route and 10-year tax holidays for port development.
Sagarmala Programme: Aims to develop 6 new mega ports and enhance connectivity through road, rail, and multi-modal logistics parks.
Infrastructure Development: Expected to reach US$ 43.03 billion by 2020, with major ports seeing a target of 3,130 million tonnes of capacity by 2020.
Crude Oil Imports: India's crude oil and petroleum products imports reached 256.33 million metric tonnes in FY18, with POL contributing 36% of traffic at major ports.
Containerisation: Container traffic grew by 8.08% year-on-year in FY18 and FY19, with major ports handling 9,135 TEUs in FY18 and 8,973 TEUs in FY19.
Green Energy Initiatives: The government aims to make all 12 major ports operate on renewable energy by 2019, with 200 MW of wind and solar power installed.

Recent Trends and Strategies

Specialist Terminals: Development of terminals for specific cargo types like LNG and containers, enhancing efficiency and resource optimisation.
SEZs and PPPs: Special Economic Zones are being developed near ports, with Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) playing a significant role in infrastructure development.
Landlord Port Model: Major ports are transitioning from a 'service port' model to a 'landlord port' model, where the government acts as a regulator and private entities handle operations.
Investment and M&A: Private sector investment includes PPP projects worth US$ 2219.4 million, with several M&A deals and new projects like the Vizhinjam International Seaport.

Opportunities

Private Port Expansion: With growing demand for infrastructure, private ports are expected to meet spill-off demand from major ports.
Ship Repair Services: Increased vessel traffic will boost demand for ship repair, with opportunities to build new dry docks and ancillary facilities.
Port Support Services: O&M services such as pilotage, dredging, and provision of marine assets are expected to grow.
Green Energy and Efficiency: The shift to green energy and improved turnaround times are key growth drivers.

Key Industry Organizations

Indian Ports Association (IPA)

Address: 1st floor, South Tower, NBCC Place, Bhishma Pitamah Marg, Lodi Road, New Delhi - 110 003
Contact: Phone: 91-11-24369061, 24369063, 24368334; Fax: 91-11-24365866; Email: ipa@nic.in, ipadel@nda.vsnl.net.in

Indian Private Ports and Terminals Association (IPPTA)

Address: Darabshaw House, Level-1, N.M. Marg, Ballard Estate, Mumbai 400 001, India
Contact: Tel. No: 022-22610599; Fax. No: 022-22621405; Email: secretary@ippta.org.in

Useful Information

Glossary

FY: Indian Financial Year (April to March)
FDI: Foreign Direct Investment
CAGR: Compounded Annual Growth Rate
TEU: Twenty-Foot Equivalent Unit
MMT: Million Metric Tonnes
MMTPA: Million Metric Tonnes Per Annum
LNG: Liquefied Natural Gas
SEZ: Special Economic Zone
OandM: Operation and Maintenance services
TAMP: Tariff Authority for Major Ports
MCA: Model Concession Agreement
SPM: Single Point Mooring

Notes

The classification of ports (major and non-major) is more administrative than strictly related to traffic volume.
Containerisation improves efficiency in time and cost.
Cargo traffic includes both export (loading) and import (unloading) activities.
The Sagarmala programme includes the development of 142 capacity expansion projects worth Rs 91,434 crore (US$ 14.19 billion).
The National Maritime Agenda 2010-2020 targets a port capacity of 3,500 MT to handle 2,500 MT of traffic by 2025.
The government has initiated a National Maritime Development Programme (NMDP) with an outlay of US$ 11.8 billion.

展开完整摘要