美国国家交通脱碳蓝皮书（英）-88页_30mb

American transportation sector is the largest source of U.S. GHG emissions (29% of total) and the second-largest household expense. The Department of Energy (DOE), Department of Transportation (DOT), Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) released a national blueprint for achieving net-zero emissions by 2050 through a coordinated strategy. The plan outlines three main approaches:

1. Increase Convenience: Promote land-use planning to locate jobs, services, and amenities near residential areas, reducing commute times and travel. Investments in walking/biking/active transport infrastructure will enhance mobility options. Policy changes will support transit-oriented development and reduce transportation cost burdens.

2. Improve Efficiency: Expand access to public transit and rail systems while improving vehicle efficiency. Strategy includes shifting to more efficient travel modes, implementing demand management policies, enhancing technological coordination between transportation and energy sectors, and using automation and connectivity to optimize systems.

3. Transition to Clean Options: Rapidly deploy zero-emission vehicles (electric and hydrogen) across all sectors and scale up sustainable fuels. Incentives/expenditures will be extended to disadvantaged communities targeted at equitable adoption.

The Biden-Harris administration's Bipartisan Infrastructure Law (BIL) and Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) provide $660B and $3B+ respectively to support these decarbonization efforts. The four agencies outlined supporting frameworks including research and innovation priorities, data analytics, and workforce training. Current challenges and future milestones emphasize the transformative changes needed to achieve this vision.