【牛津经济研究院】2024美国核能产业的经济贡献研究报告_32页_6mb

报告摘要

U.S. Nuclear Power Industry Economic Contribution (October 2024)

This report details the economic and environmental impact of the U.S. nuclear power industry in 2022, based on data and analysis provided by Oxford Economics.

Economic Contribution

Direct Economic Output: $52 billion
Full Economic Contribution (direct, indirect, induced):
- Jobs: 256,849
- Labor Income: $23.7 billion
- GDP: $63.8 billion
- Taxes: $15.9 billion ($6.9B federal, $4.9B state, $4.1B local)

Geographic Impact

National Distribution:
- Nuclear power contributes significantly in states with plants, such as Illinois ($5.9B GDP, 19,086 jobs), Pennsylvania ($4.8B GDP, 17,773 jobs), and South Carolina ($3.9B GDP, 15,607 jobs).
- California ranks third in jobs (17,522) despite having only one plant, reflecting its large economy.
County-Level Impact:
- An average of 1,758 jobs and $770M GDP are supported in counties with nuclear plants.

Environmental and Sustainability Benefits

Air Pollution: Nuclear avoids greenhouse gas emissions and pollutants (SO2, NOx) that harm public health and the environment.
Land Use Efficiency: Requires significantly less land than wind, solar, or hydroelectric power to generate equivalent electricity.
Safety Record: Among the safest industries, with 0 fatalities since 2017 and a low rate of workplace injuries.
Waste Management: Used nuclear fuel volume is minimal relative to electricity generated; however, long-term storage is a focus, with options for reuse in advanced reactors.

The analysis highlights nuclear power’s role in economic stability and environmental sustainability.

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