20070228-IEA-Energy_Policies_of_IEA_Countries_The_United_Kingdom_2006_Review_192页_2mb

报告摘要

IEA Energy Policy Review of the United Kingdom Summary

Introduction

The IEA review of the UK's energy policies highlights their strengths and challenges. The UK has been a pioneer in market liberalization and climate change mitigation. The review focuses on energy security, market mechanisms, and climate change goals.

Key Themes

Focus on Market Mechanisms

Liberalization Success: The UK's privatization and competition policies have driven innovation and efficiency.
Market-Based Instruments: Promotes efficient responses to supply-demand balances while supporting renewables through incentives.

Energy Efficiency Policies

Household Sector: The Energy Efficiency Commitment (EEC) involves energy suppliers in implementing efficiency measures.
Program Evaluation: Continuous assessment ensures cost-effectiveness and avoids administrative complexity.

Renewable Energy Support

Renewables Obligation (RO): A market-based scheme to encourage renewable generation.
Challenges: High support costs raise questions about need for improved policy frameworks.

Energy Security

Infrastructure Gap: Massive investments are needed for natural gas imports amid declining domestic production.
Storage Facilities: Increased need for facilities due to growing interdependence with other countries.

Climate Change Mitigation

Emissions Targets: UK established a long-term goal of 60% CO2 reduction by 2050.
Integrated Approach: Supports supply-side infrastructure while addressing demand-side measures.

Recommendations

Policy Certainty: Enhance long-term policy clarity to encourage private investment.
Data Transparency: Improve energy statistics collection and dissemination.
Infrastructure Development: Streamline planning and permitting for energy projects.
Market Framework: Improve market liquidity and reference pricing mechanisms.
Carbon Management: Ensure robust systems for waste disposal and decommissioning costs.
RD&D Leadership: Increase government funding aligned with global partners and maintain international collaboration.

Future Energy Policy Priorities

Market Design: Enhance market liquidity and transparency.
Climate Actions: Promote technologies like carbon capture and storage (CCS).
Human Resources: Develop skilled workforce for nuclear decommissioning and operations.
Technology Deployment: Support early-stage deployment of carbon reduction technologies.

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