2024-10-19-世界经济论坛-2024年扩大电动汽车充电基础设施投资规模_24页_5mb

报告摘要

Develop clear goals and timelines for EV infrastructure rollout, aligning with national targets or setting more ambitious local goals.
Identify priority charging areas based on land availability, grid capacity, and demand patterns (e.g., fast chargers in city centers, slow chargers in residential areas).
Account for full transportation modes (private cars, fleets, public transport, two/three-wheelers) and balance infrastructure needs with broader mobility goals (e.g., reducing overall vehicle use, promoting shared transport).
Ensure equity and accessibility: Distributed charging locations with fair pricing and accommodations for disabilities.

Implement standardized charging capabilities and payment systems (e.g., contactless, open-loop payments) to avoid fragmentation and improve user experience.
Streamline planning, installation, and grid access processes to reduce project timelines and costs.
Future-proof buildings by mandating charging infrastructure in residential/commercial developments.
Establish a dedicated inter-departmental team to coordinate infrastructure planning across agencies.

Leverage data on EV ownership, traffic demand, and charging utilization to guide investment decisions and build robust business cases.
Foster public-private partnerships and data sharing to address data gaps and accelerate infrastructure deployment.
Ensure city-level grants are inclusive, accessible, and outcome-focused, avoiding restrictions to traditional business models.

Prioritize grid upgrades in high-demand areas to support fast charging (especially for fleets) and integrate renewable energy sources.
Simplify processes for supplementary power sources and explore bidirectional charging to enhance grid stability.
Collaborate with utilities to clarify roles, negotiate access rates, and align grid expansion plans with city infrastructure goals.

Use competitive bidding to attract private operators, incorporating long-term contracts, profit guarantees, and transparent data on grid access and land availability.
Prioritize land availability by aggregating public land in tenders and exploring zero-capital models with demand guarantees.
Offer subsidies for grid upgrades and renewable energy integration, as seen in initiatives like Rotterdam’s market-driven approach.

Collaboration is key: Cities must partner with utilities, private sector, and federal/national governments to drive investment.
Action-oriented policies: From strategic planning to data-driven decisions and grid management, cities can create a conducive environment for EV charging infrastructure.
Case study highlights: London, Barcelona, and Rotterdam’s strategies demonstrate successful public-private collaboration and infrastructure scaling.