全球碳捕集与封存先进技术汇编2023-121页_24mb

State of the Art: CCS Technologies 2023 Summary

Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) is critical for decarbonization, with technologies advancing rapidly to reduce emissions. Key developments include:

Capture

• Amine-based Systems: Proven but energy-intensive; newer solutions like enzymatic capture (e.g., HyCaps, Bluenzyme) use catalysts to lower energy penalties. Companies like Shell, Novozymes, and Baker Hughes focus on solvent optimization.
• Cryogenic Capture: Air Liquide’s Cryocap™ and Saipem’s CO₂ Solutions by Saipem use phase changes for high-purity CO₂ separation, reducing parasitic energy.
• Solid Sorbents: Japan’s RITE and Novaerus explore metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and chemical looping for lower-grade heat utilization.
• Hybrid Systems: Membrane-intensified processes (e.g., HyCab technology) and rotating packed beds (HyCaps) offer compact, high-efficiency capture.

Transport

• Pipeline Infrastructure: GRE-lined tubing and modular compressors (e.g., from MaxTube and Baker Hughes) handle CO₂’s corrosive properties and high pressures.
• Offshore Applications: Saipem’s semisubmersible platforms and NOV’s composite pipes enable deep-water CO₂ transport.

Storage

• Geological Storage: Digital tools (e.g., OpenGOSIM) and fiber-optic monitoring track CO₂ plumes, while innovations like enzyme-stabilized cements (EverCRETE™) improve containment.
• Monitoring: Advanced seismic and acoustic sensing (DAS, DTS) ensure leak detection and long-term integrity.

Value Chain Integration

• Full-Chain Players: Companies like SLB, Chevron, and Sinipec provide end-to-end services, from capture to storage monitoring, leveraging AI and subsurface expertise.
• Utilization Pathways: CO₂ is repurposed in EOR, concrete mineralization, and synthetic fuels, adding revenue streams.

Emerging trends include DAC, solid sorbents, and modular systems to reduce costs. Partnerships (e.g., Global CCS Institute networks) drive collaboration across industries.