2021-12-27-世界卫生组织-Checklists_for_care,_cleaning,_disinfection_and_sterilization_of_respiratory_devices_16页_2mb

Summary of Respiratory Devices Care, Cleaning, Disinfection and Sterilization

Cleaning, disinfection, and sterilization form the backbone of infection prevention in healthcare settings, with methods varying based on device type and intended use. Key procedures require adherence to manufacturer instructions, use of personal protective equipment (PPE), and proper training. Cleaning involves removing dirt to prevent microbial growth; disinfection targets pathogenic microorganisms; sterilization eliminates all microorganisms including spores.

Key respiratory devices and their care guidelines:

• Bedside oxygen concentrators: Disinfection between patients involves washing, rinsing, drying, and using 0.1% sodium hypochlorite or hydrogen peroxide, ensuring no tap water use.
• High flow nasal cannula (HFNC): Similar to oxygen concentrators, includes humidifier care, filter checks, and proper disposal of single-use items.
• BiPAP/CPAP devices: Emphasizes humidifier washing, filter replacement every 4 weeks, and high-level disinfection with compatible agents like hydrogen peroxide or ethylene oxide.
• Pulse oximeters and vital sign monitors: Focuses on quick cleaning after each use, wiping sensors with disinfectants like ethanol or hydrogen peroxide to avoid liquid excess.
• Invasive mechanical ventilators: Involves single-use circuit replacement, daily water drainage, and thorough disinfection with high-level methods such as autoclaving or chemical agents, followed by drying.
• Sterile services department: Handles semi-critical equipment with physical (e.g., heat sterilization) or chemical methods (e.g., hydrogen peroxide), ensuring proper drying and storage in closed packages.

General guidelines include performing risk assessments, hand hygiene, PPE use, and frequent retraining. Decontamination effectively prevents pathogen transmission by removing organic material first, followed by appropriate disinfection or sterilization.