【联合国贸发会议】2024年安哥拉创业政策评论报告_26页_969kb

Summary of the National Entrepreneurship Strategy for Angola

Core Content

This document outlines the National Entrepreneurship Strategy (NES) for Angola, developed with support from the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) under the TrainforTrade II EU-UNCTAD joint Programme. The NES is aligned with the Angola 2050 strategy and the National Development Plan (NDP) 2023–2027, aiming to foster a resilient entrepreneurial ecosystem that contributes to a diversified and competitive economy.

The strategy emphasizes the importance of entrepreneurship in driving economic growth, reducing unemployment, and promoting gender equality, youth empowerment, and social inclusion. It is designed to be a long-term, accessible, and comprehensive framework that guides policy development and implementation across various sectors and stakeholders.

Main Viewpoints

• Entrepreneurship is critical for economic diversification and growth, especially in a country heavily reliant on oil and gas.
• Informality and unemployment remain significant challenges, particularly among women and youth, and require targeted interventions.
• A conducive policy framework is essential to stimulate the creation and growth of micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) and start-ups.
• Coordination and coherence across government ministries, the private sector, and civil society are vital for the success of the strategy.
• Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs), regulatory reforms, and access to finance are key enablers for improving the business environment and supporting entrepreneurs.
• Digitalization and innovation are prioritized to enhance competitiveness and ensure inclusive and sustainable growth.

Key Information

Context and Background

• Angola is an African least developed country with a GDP of USD 107 billion in 2022.
• The economy is highly dependent on oil and gas, making it vulnerable to external shocks and global market fluctuations.
• The Angola 2050 strategy outlines five priority development axes, including economic diversification, human capital development, and sustainable growth.
• The NDP 2023–2027 is a key policy document that supports the development of a private-sector-led economy and aims to improve employment, food security, and business environment.

Entrepreneurial Ecosystem

• The ecosystem includes public institutions, private businesses, academic institutions, technical and vocational training (TVET) centers, and international partners.
• Key stakeholders include:
  • MEP (Ministry of Economy and Planning): Leads initiatives such as PAC (Credit Access Project) and PRODESI (Programme to Support Production, Export Diversification and Import Substitution).
  • INAPEM (National Institute of Support to MSMEs): Implements policies to support SMEs, promote innovation, and facilitate access to finance.
  • AIPEX (Agency for Private Investment and Exports Promotion): Promotes export diversification and foreign investment.
  • MASFAMU (Ministry of Social Work, Family and Women's Empowerment): Focuses on poverty reduction, gender equality, and women's empowerment.
  • MINDCOM (Ministry of Industry and Commerce): Merges MINCO and MIND and is responsible for industrial policy, innovation, and entrepreneurship promotion.
  • MAPTSS & INEFOP (Ministry of Public Administration, Work and Social Security & National Institute of Employment and Professional Training): Promotes entrepreneurship education and vocational training through CLESEs.
  • MESCTI (Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Technology and Innovation): Works on curriculum development, business incubators, and innovation.
  • MINTTICS (Ministry of Telecommunications, Information Technologies and Social Communication): Aims to digitalize the economy and support entrepreneurship through ICTs.
  • BDA (Development Bank of Angola) and BNA (National Bank of Angola): Provide credit lines, financial support, and regulatory frameworks for entrepreneurs.
  • FRACA (Angolan Venture Capital Fund): Offers long-term financial investments and strategic guidance to SMEs.
  • Incubators and accelerators such as Incuba Angola, Bantu Makers, Acelera Angola, SoftCenter, KiandaHub, Founder Institute, and Fábrica de Sabão play an active role in supporting start-ups and MSMEs.
  • Angola Business Confederation and Angolan Association of Start-ups and Digital Entrepreneurship represent and support entrepreneurial communities.

Status of Entrepreneurship

• The informal economy accounts for up to one third of Angola's GDP, with 79.9% of the economically active population employed informally in 2022.
• Unemployment remains high, with 30.2% of the population aged 15 and above being unemployed in 2022.
• Urban areas experience higher unemployment rates, especially among women (41%), compared to rural areas (14.1%).
• Entrepreneurship education and support systems are still underdeveloped, particularly in rural and marginalized communities.

Strategy Objectives and Implementation Principles

• The NES aims to:
  • Create a strategic framework for entrepreneurship promotion.
  • Reinforce the entrepreneurial spirit, especially among youth.
  • Promote policy coherence with the Angola 2050 strategy, NDP, and other national policies.
  • Tailor support measures to the needs of different entrepreneurs.
  • Implement systematic regulatory reforms to reduce bureaucracy and improve the business environment.
  • Enhance access to finance, including through public and private financial institutions.
  • Simplify regulations and procedures via centralized online platforms and business development centers.
  • Create online business facilitation tools and entrepreneurship curricula.
  • Promote intra and inter-regional trade under the AfCFTA.
  • Ensure socially inclusive and environmentally sustainable growth.
  • Establish regional platforms for private investment and public support services.

Action Plan

• The NES includes a comprehensive action plan with suggested activities for all stakeholders (public and private) to collaborate in achieving the strategy's vision.
• The strategy is preceded by a vision, mission, and strategic objectives, which are aligned with the Angola 2050 strategy and NDP 2023–2027.
• It is intended to be a living document, adaptable to Angola's specific conditions, challenges, and opportunities.

Conclusion

The National Entrepreneurship Strategy for Angola is a comprehensive and forward-looking initiative that seeks to transform the entrepreneurial ecosystem and promote economic diversification. It emphasizes policy coherence, tailored support, digital transformation, and inclusive growth, with a focus on MSMEs, start-ups, youth, and women. The strategy is supported by various stakeholders, including government ministries, financial institutions, incubators, and international partners, and is expected to serve as a foundation for national consultations and policy improvements.