2016-07-18-世界卫生组织-Influenza_at_the_human-animal_interface_summary_and_assessment,_19_July_2016_7页_415kb

Influenza at the Human-Animal Interface - Summary Assessment (June 13-19, 2016)

Overview

• New human cases (A/H5N1, A/H7N9, A/H9N2, A/H1N2v) reported since the previous update.
• The overall public health risk level via the animal interface remains unchanged due to limited sustained human-to-human transmission.
• All new influenza subtypes are reportable under IHR(2005) (No requirement for illness status).
• Continuous surveillance and reporting are essential.

Avian Influenza Viruses

A/H5N1

• Situation: 3 lab-confirmed cases from Egypt; probable exposure via infected poultry. Egypt remains endemic.
• Risk:
  1. High likelihood of additional cases due to persistent animal presence/viruses.
  2. Low sustained human-to-human transmission.
  3. Low international spread risk post-infection due to lack of easy human transmission.

A/H7N9

• Situation: 12 cases (5 deaths) from China, linked to poultry-exposure in northern areas. Penetration into low-reporting areas expected.
• Risk:
  1. High likelihood of additional cases from animal environment contact.
  2. Low sustained human-to-human transmission.
  3. Low international spread risk post-infection.

A/H9N2

• Situation: 1 case, China; mild illness suspected; persistent in poultry.
• Risk:
  1. High likelihood of cases.
  2. Low sustained human-to-human transmission.
  3. Low international spread risk.

A/H1N2v

• Situation: 2 cases in the USA (both linked to swine exposure); no human-to-human transmission.
• Risk:
  1. High likelihood of cases depending on swine circulation area.
  2. Low sustained human-to-human transmission.
  3. Low international spread risk.

Overall Risk Management & Recommendations

• WHO does not advise special traveler screening, but advocates:
  • Avoiding contact with infected animals/surfaces in outbreak areas.
  • Adhering to good hand hygiene and food safety practices.
• Emphasizes the importance of global surveillance for influenza viruses due to their dynamic nature.
• Highlights the necessity of sharing influenza virus resources under the WHO PIP Framework.
• Notes that increased vigilance and reporting are crucial for all affected or neighbouring regions.