2014-12-31-世界卫生组织-2015_STEPS_Country_Report_Sri_Lanka_143页_3mb

报告摘要

Objective: Assess behavioral and biological risk factors for Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) in Sri Lanka's adult population (aged 18-69 years).
Methodology: Used the WHO STEPwise approach with a multi-stage cluster sampling method.
Sample Size: Nationally representative sample of 5188 adults.

Prevalence: 45.7% of men and 5.3% of women are current tobacco users (smoked or smokeless tobacco).
Smoking: 29.4% of males and 0.1% of females smoke tobacco daily.
Initiation: Mean age of initiation for male smokers was 20.5 years.
Smokeless Tobacco: 26.0% of males and 5.3% of females use smokeless tobacco.
Cessation: 51.8% of current smokers tried to quit in the last 12 months, but only 35.2% were advised to quit by healthcare providers.
Secondhand Smoke: 25.2% of males and 21.6% of females were exposed to secondhand smoke at home, while 36.1% of males were exposed at work.

Abstinence: 40.2% of males and 96.5% of females are lifetime abstainers.
Current Use: 34.8% of males are current drinkers (29% of the population).
Binge Drinking: 16.8% of males engaged in binge drinking (6+ drinks in a single occasion).

Fruit & Vegetable: 19% of the population (26.9% males and 28.0% females) meet the recommended daily intake of 5+ servings.
Salt Intake: 52.8% of households add salt when cooking rice; 27% consume processed foods high in salt.
Improvement: Slight increase in fruit and vegetable consumption compared to 2008.

Insufficient Activity: 22.5% of males and 38.4% of females do not meet WHO recommendations (≥150 minutes of moderate activity per week).
Intensity: 53.7% of males perform high-intensity activities, while 44.2% of females do low-intensity activities.

Raised Blood Pressure: 7.4% of adults had either raised BP or were on medication; only 55.6% of high-risk individuals received treatment.
Raised Blood Glucose: 7.6% of adults had abnormal blood sugar levels or were on treatment.
Obesity & Overweight: 34.3% of females and 58.9% of males were overweight or obese.
Cholesterol: 23.7% of adults had high cholesterol or were on medication.

Only 7.6% of adults with NCD risk factors received lifestyle advice from healthcare providers.
Cervical cancer screening coverage was low (15.2% of females aged 18-69 years).

Strengthen tobacco control measures, especially among youth and for smokeless tobacco.
Enhance alcohol regulation and public awareness of hazardous drinking.
Promote availability and affordability of healthy foods and reduce salt consumption.
Scale up physical activity programs and improve access to preventive healthcare.
Improve screening and treatment adherence for NCDs.

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