2021-12-15-世界卫生组织-Tobacco_Chile_2021_country_profile_10页_335kb

Chile Tobacco Control Profile Summary

Core Content Overview

Chile has implemented a range of tobacco control measures as outlined in the WHO report on the global tobacco epidemic, 2021, under the MPOWER framework. The country has scored well across most measures, with compliance levels ranging from 50% to 100% for key tobacco control policies.

MPOWER Measures Compliance

Key Compliance Notes

• Smoke-Free Environments: Chile has comprehensive smoke-free laws in place, covering health-care facilities, educational institutions, government buildings, and public transport, with compliance scores ranging from 5 to 10.
• Health Warnings: Health warnings are required on all tobacco packages (cigarettes, other smoked tobacco, and smokeless tobacco), covering 50% of the principal display area. Warnings include photographs and are not obscured. However, the law does not mandate that warnings be placed at the top of the package or that they are in plain packaging.
• Advertising Bans: Chile has a complete ban on direct tobacco advertising on national TV and radio, and on local and international print media, as well as outdoor and point-of-sale advertising. Compliance score for direct bans is 10, while for indirect bans it is 8.
• Tobacco Taxation: Tobacco taxes are a significant portion of the retail price, with total taxes accounting for 80.04% of the retail price of the most sold cigarette brand in 2020. Cigarettes have become less affordable since 2010, with a compliance score of "YES" for affordability.

National Tobacco Control Programme (as of 31 December 2020)

• National Agency: Yes, a national agency or technical unit exists for tobacco control.
• Staffing: 3 full-time equivalent staff members.
• Government Expenditure: CLP 75,000,000 (latest available year: 2015) on tobacco control.
• National Objectives: Yes, specific national government objectives are in place for tobacco control.

Tobacco Use Prevalence (2018 and 2019)

Adults (2018)

• Current Tobacco Use: 31.1%
• Daily Tobacco Use: 19.6%
• Current Cigarette Smoking: 30.5%
• Daily Cigarette Smoking: 19.7%
• Current E-cigarette Use: 1.5%

Adolescents (2019)

• Current Tobacco Use: 15.2%
• Daily Tobacco Use: 3.0%

Tobacco Taxation and Affordability (as of 31 July 2020)

• Price of Lowest Cost Cigarette Brand (Tax Inclusive): CLP 1,000.00
• Price of Premium Cigarette Brand (Tax Inclusive): CLP 3,500.00
• Taxes on Most Sold Cigarette Brand (% of Retail Price):
  • Total Taxes: 80.04%
  • Specific Excise: 34.07%
  • Ad Valorem Excise: 30.00%
  • VAT/Sales Tax: 15.97%
  • Import Duty: 0.00%
• Affordability: Cigarettes are less affordable in 2020 compared to 2018, and there is a trend of decreasing affordability since 2010.

Tobacco Control Policies and Trends

• WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control: Chile signed on 25 September 2003 and ratified on 13 June 2005.
• National Population: 19,116,209 (High-income country).
• National Tobacco Control Programme: Active and includes specific government objectives.
• Subnational Laws: Subnational jurisdictions are not allowed to implement additional tobacco advertising, promotion, or sponsorship bans beyond national legislation.
• Earmarked Taxes: No data reported on the use of earmarked tobacco taxes for health purposes.

Summary of Key Findings

• Chile has made significant progress in implementing tobacco control measures, particularly in areas like smoke-free environments, health warnings, and advertising bans.
• Tobacco taxation is robust, with a high percentage of the retail price being tax, contributing to the affordability of cigarettes decreasing since 2010.
• Cessation support is limited, with no availability in health clinics, hospitals, or community settings, and no coverage by national health insurance.
• Anti-tobacco mass media campaigns were conducted between 2018 and 2020, but no evaluation was done to assess their impact.