2006年-世界发展银行全球_Guizhou_Cultural_and_Natural_Heritage_Protection_and_Development_Project___Cultural_Heritage_Tourism_Strategic_Overview_50页_2mb

Guizhou Cultural and Natural Heritage Protection and Development Project: Cultural Heritage Tourism Strategic Overview Summary

1. Core Content

This document outlines the Guizhou Cultural and Natural Heritage Protection and Development Project, focusing on the integration of cultural heritage protection with tourism development in support of a World Bank loan. It provides an overview of the strategic sector review conducted by Environmental Resources Management (ERM), highlighting the current status, threats, opportunities, and recommendations for the project.

2. Main Purpose

The purpose of the report is to:

• Summarize ERM's findings on the condition of Guizhou's heritage assets, threats, and conservation measures.
• Update the Project Management Office (PMO)'s plans to incorporate heritage conservation and community development into the project proposal.
• Outline recommendations for strengthening institutional arrangements and improving tourism management and heritage protection capacity.
• Provide input for the development of a Project Concept Note (PCN).

3. Key Findings and Recommendations

3.1 Background

• The World Bank has commissioned ERM to conduct a strategic sector review of cultural heritage tourism in Guizhou.
• The review is part of the project preparation process for the Guizhou Cultural and Natural Heritage Protection and Development Project.
• The project is supported by a series of previous reports including the Commencement Report, Interim Report, and Strategy and Analysis Report.

3.2 Project Proposals

• The Guizhou Provincial Tourism Development Master Plan (2002) and the Guizhou Provincial Rural Tourism Development Plan (2006) have been key documents guiding the project.
• The PMO has developed a Guizhou Cultural and Natural Heritage Protection and Development Project Proposal (June 2006), which aims to address the lack of "soft" components in the original proposal, such as heritage protection, training, and community development.

3.3 Demonstration Projects

• 18 rural village tourism demonstration projects are planned in the Autonomous Prefectures of Qiandongnan, Qiannan, and Qianxinan.
• Each project includes a Cultural and Ecological Museum and rural tourism facilities.
• The Guizhou Shanli Tourism Development Company is entrusted with implementing these projects, following a three-way development model involving:
  • Villagers' Organizations: Provide labor, goods, and represent local interests.
  • Expert Team: Offer technical support and training.
  • Private Investors: Finance most of the start-up capital, with a portion of operating profits returned to the local community.

3.4 Budget Overview

• Total investment for the 18 demonstration sites is estimated at RMB 237 million, with RMB 180 million coming from the World Bank loan.
• The remaining RMB 57 million will be sourced from government subsidiaries and private investment.

3.5 Next Steps

• The next step is to integrate the project proposals with existing infrastructure development plans.
• The goal is to present a holistic project that combines heritage protection and sustainable tourism.

4. Baseline Conditions

4.1 Introduction

Guizhou is a mountainous province with diverse natural and cultural heritage, including:

• 17 ethnic minority groups.
• 10 State-level protected cultural heritage sites.
• 8 national nature conservation areas, 2 national geoparks, and 11 national scenic areas.

4.2 Heritage Features and Assets

• Natural areas: Include karst landforms, cave complexes, rivers, and waterfalls.
• Historic sites and monuments: Such as Ming Dynasty fortified settlements and sites related to the Long March.
• Ethnic minority culture: Particularly well-preserved due to geographic isolation.
• Cultural landscapes: Represent the interaction between nature and human society, such as the cultivated valleys of Jiumi Ancient Town.

4.3 Current Conservation and Maintenance

• The condition of the project sites varies from very good to very poor.
• Many ethnic minority villages have poorly maintained buildings and structures.
• Intangible heritage is a special concern, with the risk of commodification of traditions.
• Restoration monitoring is needed to prevent inappropriate reconstruction or restoration.

5. Threats and Risks

5.1 Main Threats

5.2 Specific Examples

• Malinghe Gorge: Suffering from industrial wastewater affecting water quality.
• Wangfenglin Scenic Area: Proposed new architectural styles for Buyi villages conflict with traditional stone houses.
• Jiumi Ancient Town: Traditional buildings are deteriorating and require urgent restoration.
• Shang Langde Miao Village: Faces urgent restoration needs due to structural damage.

6. Tourism Profile

• Domestic tourism dominates, with 96.6% of visitors in 2001 being local.
• Overnight visitors are estimated at 3.795 million from within the province.
• International tourism is mainly from Japan (15%) and USA (12.5%), with Indonesia and Singapore being more significant than in China as a whole.
• English-speaking countries are the largest market for international tourism in Guizhou.

7. Conclusion and Priority Actions

7.1 Conclusion

• The project has the potential to enhance cultural heritage protection and promote sustainable tourism.
• It is crucial to ensure that community participation and cultural integrity are maintained throughout the development process.

7.2 Priority Actions

• Integrate heritage and tourism proposals with infrastructure development plans.
• Ensure transparent government regulations for the distribution of operating profits.
• Strengthen institutional frameworks for heritage management and tourism development.
• Monitor restoration and prevent inappropriate reconstruction.
• Promote sustainable tourism practices to avoid negative socio-cultural impacts.
• Enhance community involvement and local economic benefits through training and capacity building.
• Improve tourism marketing and promotion to attract international and domestic tourists.