2023-03-08-UNDP-准则_性别敏感和社会包容性气候成本效益分析（英）_72页_727kb

GUIDELINES
GENDER-RESPONSIVE AND SOCIALLY
INCLUSIVE CLIMATE COST-BENEFIT
ANALYSIS

GUIDELINES
GENDER-RESPONSIVE AND
SOCIALLY INCLUSIVE CLIMATE
COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS

Purpose:
These guidelines assist governments and stakeholders in incorporating climate change impacts into cost-benefit analysis (CBA) for climate-related projects, with a focus on ensuring gender equality and social inclusion. CBA with climate change (CCBA) evaluates the economic efficiency of projects by considering both short-term and long-term effects of climate change, including risks to vulnerable groups like women, the poor, and indigenous communities.

Key Principles:

• Climate and Social Dimensions:
  CCBA integrates climate change screening, economic valuation, and social equity. It assesses the costs and benefits of adaptation and mitigation projects, including their impact on marginalized populations.

• Iterative Approach:
  CCBA is dynamic and requires regular updates as climate projections evolve. Results should inform budget allocations and project designs.

• Gender and Social Inclusion (GESI):
  Projects must prioritize equitable outcomes. This involves collecting sex-disaggregated data, engaging marginalized groups in planning, and ensuring interventions address specific needs (e.g., women’s livelihoods or disaster risks).

Steps and Guidance:

1. Screening and Analysis

   • Thresholds:

     • Investment ≥ THB 50 million requires CCBA.
     • Projects > THB 1,000 million need full quantitative analysis.
     • Smaller projects may use rapid assessments or expert opinions.

   • Uncertainty Management:
     Use sensitivity analysis (e.g., varying discount rates, climate scenarios) to account for unknowns like extreme weather events.

2. Technical Methods

   • Quantitative CBA:
     Models physical and behavioral parameters (e.g., crop yields, GHG emissions) to calculate net benefits under climate change.
   • Qualitative/Mixed Approaches:
     Use participatory methods or multi-criteria analysis (MCA) for non-quantifiable impacts.
   • Objectives-Based Assessment (OBA):
     Scoring CC relevance (CC%) based on explicit/implicit project goals.

3. Integration into Budgeting

   • Align climate finance with national policies (e.g., National Development Plans) and institutional frameworks.
   • Budget submissions must include climate adaptation and GESI scoring.

4. Institutional Arrangements

   • Establish roles for finance ministries, line departments, and civil society.
   • Build capacity for CCBA through training and expert networks.

5. Monitoring and Evaluation

   • Track climate-financed projects using GESI-sensitive indicators (e.g., female participation, reduced poverty).
   • Use tools like the Climate Change Financing Framework (CCFF) for coordination.

Case Studies and Examples:

• Thailand: A national screening process tags climate-relevant budgets, ensuring iterative review.
• Zanzibar: Seaweed farming CCBA prioritized gender equity by designing boats for women’s roles.
• Philippines: Budget tagging classifications ensure coherence with national climate strategies.

Key Takeaways:

• CCBA is a tool for equitable decision-making, not just economic efficiency.
• Gender and social dimensions must influence every step (from screening to implementation).
• Institutions must adapt budget processes to integrate climate change and social equity.

These guidelines emphasize that climate finance must prioritize resilience, equity, and adaptation—aligning with global goals like SDG 13 (Climate Action) and SDG 5 (Gender Equality).