2009-05-02-世界卫生组织-Meningitis_Week_18,_27_April_-_3_May_2009_12页_1mb

Summary of MDSC Meningitis Weekly Bulletin (Week 18, 2009)

I. Epidemiological Situation Summary (Week 18: April 27-May 3, 2009)

• Cases and deaths reported across multiple African countries, with lethality rates ranging from 0.0% to 25%.
• Niger and Nigeria were prominent: Niger reported 59 deaths out of 1,326 cases (4.4% lethality), and Nigeria recorded 28 deaths from 509 cases (9.4% lethality).
• Alert/epidemic districts: Niger had 13 LGAs in epidemic status and 32 in alert; Nigeria had 47 LGAs in epidemic and 166 in alert; Chad's Gombari district was in epidemic status.
• Comments note that while the international meningitis belt experienced varying levels, Burkina Faso showed calmer conditions compared to prior years.
• Data subject to revision after completeness and verification checks.

II. Year-to-Date Synthesis (Weeks 1-18, 2009)

• Total cases up to week 18: 71,298.
• Total deaths: 3,746 (5.3% overall lethality).
• Most affected countries: Nigeria (50,904 cases, 2,269 deaths) and Niger (12,182 cases, 484 deaths), accounting for 88.5% of cases and significant portions of deaths.
• Specific syntheses: Niger had 100% case completeness; Nigeria had 70.8% case completeness but high alert thresholds met.

III. Pathogen Identification

• Lab tests using PCR, Lateral Flow Assays, and Culture: High positivity in some districts but low globally.
• Example: Niger showed extensive testing (2,814 PCR tests), confirming susceptibility rates.

IV. Graphical Representations and Trends

• Figures include maps showing district attack rates for week 18 and cumulative rates for weeks 1-18.
• Trends indicate that Nigeria and Niger had high incidences, with comparative weekly data showing Niger's system surmounting epidemic thresholds frequently.