2022-12-03-联合国贸易发展委员-使贸易为减缓气候变化发挥作用_技术法规的案例（英）_47页_3mb

Climate change mitigation is increasingly supported by trade-related technical regulations (TBTs), which address emissions, energy efficiency, and sustainable practices. WTO and climate law require these measures to be non-discriminatory and necessary, with exceptions allowing environmental objectives. Technical regulations, labelling schemes, and conformity assessment procedures are tools but design challenges, especially related to processes and standards, exist. Aligning with international standards and promoting harmonization improve trade compliance and environmental efficiency. A framework supports developing countries through technical assistance and capacity building. Key recommendations include enhancing mutual recognition agreements, prioritizing performance-based regulations, and ensuring standards reflect global needs for fairness and effectiveness.